Estimating the Rate of Erosion of a Silty Sand Treated with Lignosulfonate

Abstract

This paper describes a theoretical model to capture the rate of erosion of a silty sand based on the principle of conservation of energy. Erosion is considered to begin when the interparticle bonds between grains are broken by hydrodynamic stresses exerted on the soil particles. These detached particles are then suspended and transported by the flow of eroding fluid. It is further assumed that once the particles are fully suspended and have reached the flow velocity, resettlement does not take place. Stabilization of soil particles because of lignosulfonate (LS) treatment is represented by the increased strain energy required to break the interparticle bonds. The equation proposed in this study is based on the shear stress-strain characteristics, mean flow velocity, mean particle diameter, and the packing arrangement of particles. The result of the proposed study is presented in the form of erosion rate versus the hydraulic shear stress. The model is validated with a series of laboratory erosion tests using the Process Simulation Apparatus for Internal Crack Erosion (PSAICE) for different percentages of LS. The model results are in good agreement with the experimental observations. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE) GT.1943-5606.0000766. (C) Abstract: This paper describes a theoretical model to capture the rate of erosion of a silty sand based on the principle of conservation of energy. Erosion is considered to begin when the interparticle bonds between grains are broken by hydrodynamic stresses exerted on the soil particles. These detached particles are then suspended and transported by the flow of eroding fluid. It is further assumed that once the particles are fully suspended and have reached the flow velocity, resettlement does not take place. Stabilization of soil particles because of lignosulfonate (LS) treatment is represented by the increased strain energy required to break the interparticle bonds. The equation proposed in this study is based on the shear stress-strain characteristics, mean flow velocity, mean particle diameter, and the packing arrangement of particles. The result of the proposed study is presented in the form of erosion rate versus the hydraulic shear stress. The model is validated with a series of laboratory erosion tests using the Process Simulation Apparatus for Internal Crack Erosion (PSAICE) for different percentages of LS. The model results are in good agreement with the experimental observations.

Experimental investigation of thermal and mechanical properties of lignin treated silt

“…However, the traditional stabilizers are not always readily acceptable in engineering construction because of environmental threat. The treated soils always pose a threat to the environment by changing the soil pH (Rollings and Burkes, 1999;Sunil et al, 2006;Indraratna et al, 2012). The growth of vegetables and the quality of groundwater are also affected.…”

Evaluation of geofibers and nontraditional liquid additives on erodible slopes in Interior Alaska

“…Lignosulfonates was also found to be a more effective stabilizer than cement for erosion resistance in the silty sand used for the study. Indraratna et al (2013) developed a theoretical model that predicts the rate of erosion based on the principle of energy conservation. Lignosulfonate was found to increase strain energy per unit volume of treated samples of silty sand.…”

Microscopic Mechanism Affecting Shear Strength in Lignin-Treated Loess Samples

“…An environmentally friendly alternative to the conventional stabilizing additives of cement, lime, and fly ash used to improve the strength and durability of loess is required. Lignin-a polymer compound produced in the paper industry-has shown some potential for stabilizing unstable soil [16][17][18]. Zhang et al [19][20][21][22] conducted series of laboratory tests to evaluate the effects of the lignin concentration and curing time on soil properties.…”