Estimating the susceptibility of tree species to attack by the gypsy moth, <i>Lymantria dispar</i>

Lechowicz, Martin J.; Jobin, Luc

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1983.tb00496.x

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Many of the tree species belonging to families of Fagaceae, Salicaceae, Betulaceae and Rosasceae are the hosts throughout the native and invasive ranges (Lechowicz and Mauffette ; Pogue and Schaefer ). The preference of tree species by larvae varies considerably owing to the regional and local composition of the vegetation (Lechowicz and Jobin ; Mauffette et al. ; Mauffette and Lechowicz ).…”

Section: The Effects Of Other Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural enemies and environmental factors affecting the population dynamics of the gypsy moth

Alalouni

Schädler

Brandl

2013

J Applied Entomology

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The population densities of the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar; Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) may reach outbreak levels that pose considerable economic and environmental impacts to forests in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America. Compared with the situation in its native European range feeding damage by gypsy moth is often found to be more severe in North America and other parts of the world. Thus, the release from natural enemies can be interpreted as an important cause for high feeding damages. Natural enemies, especially parasitoids, can cause delayed densitydependent mortality, which may be responsible for population cycles. In North America where only few parasitoids have been introduced and the parasitism rates are considerably lower than in Europe, generalist predators play a larger role than in Europe. Many other factors seem to influence the population dynamics of the gypsy moth such as the host plants and weather. Nevertheless, much of the variability in population densities of the gypsy moth may be attributed to interacting effects of weather conditions and attack by natural enemies. In spite of the considerable number of studies on the ecology and population dynamics of the gypsy moth and the impact of their natural enemies, more quantitative information is required to predict the population dynamics of this pest species and to control its economic and ecologic impact.

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Section: The Effects Of Other Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…). Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the host preferences of the gypsy moth in North America, for example, phylogeny (host trees in North America should be closely related to those in Europe), plant traits, dynamics of the gypsy moth and climatic conditions (Lechowicz and Jobin ; Montgomery ; Liebhold et al. ).…”

Section: The Effects Of Other Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural enemies and environmental factors affecting the population dynamics of the gypsy moth

Alalouni

Schädler

Brandl

2013

J Applied Entomology

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“…are considered resistant hosts because gypsy moth cannot complete development if larvae continuously feed on their leaves [12]. Although some studies have reported ash to be 'sporadically eaten' (reviewed in [2,13,14]) GML never caused visible canopy defoliation. Rejection of ash as a food plant is due to repellency induced by volatile deterrents [15] and feeding inhibition caused by harmful allelochemicals [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desperate times call for desperate measures: Short-term use of the common ash tree by gypsy moth larvae (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) under density and starvation stress

Milanović

Popović

Dobrosavljević

et al. 2020

Arch biol sci (Beogr)

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Gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) feeds on a large number of tree species, while ash, Fraxinus spp. (Lamiales: Oleaceae) species are considered resistant and are only sporadically eaten. To assess the conditions under which late instar gypsy moth larvae (GML) can temporarily use non-host common ash (CA) (F. excelsior L.), and to evaluate their ability to recover from ingestion of this toxic food, we determined the relative growth rate, the relative consumption rate and the amount of produced feces in different laboratory feeding trials. Our report is the first to show that under specific circumstances, the resources acquired after short-term consumption of CA leaves can be utilized for larval growth. We varied the intensity of density and starvation stress prior to feeding on CA leaves. We observed that after moderate stress a group of GML was temporarily capable of coping with CA leaves. Although observed growth and consumption were much lower on CA than on the optimal host oak, Quercus cerris L. (Fagales: Fagaceae), CA-oak-switched larvae showed the ability to recover from short-term use of a toxic non-host foliage. This suggests that feeding on CA might enable GML to survive under conditions of food shortage.

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“…Liebhold et al (1995~) have classified all tree species commonly occurring in North America as "susceptible," "resistant," or "immune" to gypsy moth defoliation, based on both laboratory and field experiments. For tree species in southern Quebec, several papers have reported results from field studies (Lechowicz and Jobin 1983;Mauffette et al 1983), but no laboratory tests on feeding preference have been conducted. In addition, factors such as drought stress of host plants and maternal effects on larval offspring, both of which are known to influence plant-insect interactions (Rossiter 1991;Mattson and Haack 1987), have not been investigated in the context of gypsy moth feeding preferences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FOLIAGE SUITABILITY OF SAPLINGS GROWN UNDER CONTRASTING WATER REGIMES TO THE GYPSY MOTH, LYMANTRIA DISPAR

Naidoo

Lechowicz

1998

Can Entomol

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The Canadian Entomologist 130: 837 -851 (1998) Plant bugs in the genus Lygus are pests of canola (Brassica napus L. and Brassica rapa L.) in western Canada and may require insecticidal control. Sweep-net sampling of field plots and commercial fields in southern Manitoba between 1988 and 1995 was used to develop sequential sampling plans for plant bugs in canola to facilitate control. The variance-mean relationships for plant bug catches were defined by Taylor's power law, and the parameters of the relationships were the same for field plots and commercial fields. Sampling units of 10, 20, 50, and 100 sweeps per sample had variance-mean relationships with the same slope but different intercepts and required different minimal sample sizes. Samples taken at two crop stages had similar variance-mean relationships, but at a later crop stage the intercept of the relationship differed and the parameters were estimated with less precision. Samples taken in two ways along the edges of commercial fields and at various distances into the fields all gave similar estimates of plant bug density, justifying the use of edge sampling. Experienced samplers caught more plant bugs than inexperienced ones, although the difference was primarily due to the number of nymphs rather than adults that were collected, and this difference was less pronounced in the edge samples. Sweep-net sampling collected less than 10% of the plant bugs present in the sampling area. Sequential decision plans are presented for four sampling units and three crop stages. Sampling commercial canola with a sweep net to make decisions on the need to control plant bugs can be completed in as little as 28-35 min. The sampling is most efficiently conducted with a sampling unit of 10 or 20 sweeps taken along the edge of a field. In an independent test of the sampling method, plant bug densities were classified correctly in relation to the need for control in 20 fields using the minimum sample size. Wise, I.L., et R.J. Lamb. 1998. L'dchantillonnage des punaises des plautes Lygus spp. (Heteroptera : Miridae) pour dvaluer la n6cessit6 des programmes de lutte dans les cultures de colza. The Canadian Entomologist 130 : 837-851. Dans l'ouest canadien, les punaises des plantes du genre Lygus sont des insectes ravageurs du colza (Brassica napus L. et Brassica rapa L.) qui requibrent parfois la mise sur pied de programmes de lutte au moyen d'insecticides. L'Cchantillonnage au filet fauchoir dans des carrCs Cchantillons et dans des champs commerciaux du sud relation n7Ctait plus la m&me et les parambtres ont Ct C estimCs avec moins de prCcision. Les Cchantillons recueillis de deux fagons le long des bordures de champs commerciaux et B diverses distances dans les champs ont tous donnC des estimations semblables de la densit6 des punaises, ce qui justifie 1'Cchantillonnage en bordure. Les Cchantillonneurs expCrimentCs ont rCcoltC plus de punaises que les Cchantillonneurs inexpCrimentCs, mais les diffkrences se manifestaient surtout par le nombre de larves recueillies plut6t q...

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Estimating the susceptibility of tree species to attack by the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

Natural enemies and environmental factors affecting the population dynamics of the gypsy moth

Natural enemies and environmental factors affecting the population dynamics of the gypsy moth

Desperate times call for desperate measures: Short-term use of the common ash tree by gypsy moth larvae (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) under density and starvation stress

FOLIAGE SUITABILITY OF SAPLINGS GROWN UNDER CONTRASTING WATER REGIMES TO THE GYPSY MOTH, LYMANTRIA DISPAR

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