Estimating Zenith Tropospheric Delays from BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Observations

Xu, Aigong; Xu, Zhenlin; Ge, Maorong; Xu, Ximeng; Zhu, Huizhong; Xin, Shihe

doi:10.3390/s130404514

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It has been demonstrated that BDS is capable of providing PNT service with an accuracy comparable to GPS (Ge et al 2012;Li et al 2015). Xu et al (2013) made an assessment on ZTD estimated from observations of a BDS local network with a time span of 4 days for the first time. Their comparison with GPS ZTD from IGS showed a bias and standard deviation of about 2 and 5 mm, respectively, being at the same level as the difference between GPS ZTD estimated by different software packages (Xu et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xu et al (2013) made an assessment on ZTD estimated from observations of a BDS local network with a time span of 4 days for the first time. Their comparison with GPS ZTD from IGS showed a bias and standard deviation of about 2 and 5 mm, respectively, being at the same level as the difference between GPS ZTD estimated by different software packages (Xu et al 2013). According to the results from BeiDou Experiment Tracking Network (BETN), Li et al (2014a) indicated that the PWV estimated from the BDS PPP can achieve similar precision as GPS-derived PWV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-time retrieval of precipitable water vapor from GPS and BeiDou observations

Nilsson

et al. 2015

J Geod

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The rapid development of the Chinese BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) brings a promising prospect for the real-time retrieval of zenith tropospheric delays (ZTD) and precipitable water vapor (PWV), which is of great benefit for supporting the time-critical meteorological applications such as nowcasting or severe weather event monitoring. In this study, we develop a real-time ZTD/PWV processing method based on Global Positioning System (GPS) and BDS observations. The performance of ZTD and PWV derived from BDS observations using realtime precise point positioning (PPP) technique is carefully investigated. The contribution of combining BDS and GPS for ZTD/PWV retrieving is evaluated as well. GPS and BDS observations of a half-year period for 40 globally distributed stations from the International GNSS Service Multi-GNSS Experiment and BeiDou Experiment Tracking Network are processed. The results show that the real-time BDS-only ZTD series agree well with the GPS-only ZTD series in general: the RMS values are about 11-16 mm (about 2-3 mm in PWV). Furthermore, the real-time ZTD derived from GPS-only, BDS-only, and GPS/BDS combined solutions are compared with those derived from the Very Long Baseline Interferometry. The comparisons show that the BDS can contribute to real-time meteorological applications, slightly less accurately than GPS. More accurate and reliable water vapor estimates, about 1.3-1.8 mm in PWV, can be obtained if the BDS observations are combined with the GPS observations B Xingxing Li in the real-time PPP data processing. The PWV comparisons with radiosondes further confirm the performance of BDSderived real-time PWV and the benefit of adding BDS to standard GPS processing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time retrieval of precipitable water vapor from GPS and BeiDou observations

Nilsson

et al. 2015

J Geod

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“…PPP Client. Aside from the above mentioned network, a regional network comprising six different stations (Xu et al, 2013) equipped with the same UNICORE receivers and antenna were also employed as user stations for the tests of various precise point positioning modes. The inter-station distance is about 150 km on average.…”

Section: Introduction Since 1985mentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise Point Positioning Using the Regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite Constellation

et al. 2014

J. Navigation

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On 27 December 2012 it was announced officially that the Chinese Navigation Satellite System BeiDou (BDS) was able to provide operational services over the Asia-Pacific region. The quality of BDS observations was confirmed as comparable with those of GPS, and relative positioning in static and kinematic modes were also demonstrated to be very promising. As Precise Point Positioning (PPP) technology is widely recognized as a method of precise positioning service, especially in real-time, in this contribution we concentrate on the PPP performance using BDS data only. BDS PPP in static, kinematic and simulated real-time kinematic mode is carried out for a regional network with six stations equipped with GPSand BDS-capable receivers, using precise satellite orbits and clocks estimated from a global BDS tracking network. To validate the derived positions and trajectories, they are compared to the daily PPP solution using GPS data. The assessment confirms that the performance of BDS PPP is very comparable with GPS in terms of both convergence time and accuracy. K E Y

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“…GNSS can be used to estimate the zenith tropospheric delay [8] and to estimate precipitable water vapor content [9]. GNSS signals travel through the atmosphere, and so it may be asked whether GNSS signals are refracted by the atmospheric particulate matters or not.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the Effect of Atmospheric Particulate Matter (PM2.5 and PM10) Concentrations on GPS Signals

Lau

2017

Sensors

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has been widely used in navigation, surveying, geophysical and geodynamic studies, machine guidance, etc. High-precision GPS applications such as geodetic surveying need millimeter and centimeter level accuracy. Since GPS signals are affected by atmospheric effects, methods of correcting or eliminating ionospheric and tropospheric bias are needed in GPS data processing. Relative positioning can be used to mitigate the atmospheric effect, but its efficiency depends on the baseline lengths. Air pollution is a serious problem globally, especially in developing countries that causes health problems to humans and damage to the ecosystem. Respirable suspended particles are coarse particles with a diameter of 10 micrometers or less, also known as PM10. Moreover, fine particles with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less are known as PM2.5. GPS signals travel through the atmosphere before arriving at receivers on the Earth’s surface, and the research question posed in this paper is: are GPS signals affected by the increased concentration of the PM2.5/PM10 particles? There is no standard model of the effect of PM2.5/PM10 particles on GPS signals in GPS data processing, although an approximate generic model of non-gaseous atmospheric constituents (<1 mm) can be found in the literature. This paper investigates the effect of the concentration of PM2.5/PM10 particles on GPS signals and validates the aforementioned approximate model with a carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR)-based empirical method. Both the approximate model and the empirical results show that the atmospheric PM2.5/PM10 particles and their concentrations have a negligible effect on GPS signals and the effect is comparable with the noise level of GPS measurements.

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Estimating Zenith Tropospheric Delays from BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Observations

Cited by 45 publications

References 24 publications

Real-time retrieval of precipitable water vapor from GPS and BeiDou observations

Real-time retrieval of precipitable water vapor from GPS and BeiDou observations

Precise Point Positioning Using the Regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite Constellation

Investigation into the Effect of Atmospheric Particulate Matter (PM2.5 and PM10) Concentrations on GPS Signals

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