Estimation of Actual and Ideal Bodyweight Using Morphometric Measurements and Owner Guessed Bodyweight of Adult Draft and Warmblood Horses

Catalano, D.N.; Coleman, Robert J.; Hathaway, Marcia; McCue, Molly E.; Martinson, Krishona L.

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2015.09.002

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…No significant differences between periods were observed ( Table 2). The average height at the withers for breeding stallion in the LWB is 168.6 ± 4.3 cm, which coincides with studies in different sport warmblood breeds with the same origin as the LWB (Lewczuk, 2005;Catalano et al, 2016). The average chest circumference was 194.4 ± 6.6 cm and the average cannon bone circumference was 21.8 ± 1.0 cm.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Analysis of measurements of Latvian warm blood and Latvian heavy warm blood sires

Veidemane¹,

Jonkus²

2018

Research for Rural Development

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The objective of the study was to analyze measurements of the sires used in Latvian Warmblood (LWB) and Latvian Heavy Warmblood (LHWB) breeding programs in the period 2003-2017, two major horse populations in Latvia included in one studbook. The Latvian Warmblood has an open studbook for breeding sport horses, whereas the Latvian Heavy Warmblood is a partly closed studbook. Measuring information for all sires with at least one foal born (n=834) in the respective time period was retrieved from the Latvian horse database, with 673 stallions measured at least once. The data consisted of direct measurements-height at withers, chest circumference and cannon bone circumference-and two calculated indices-massivity index and boniness index. Average values of adult stallions were analyzed in four groups-LWB, LHWB, 'other warmbloods' and refining breeds, with LWB and 'other warmbloods' showing similar average values. Sires were divided by use in breeding into 3-year periods to observe a possible change in the breeding objective and stallion choice, however, no significant differences were found in LWB or LHWB. Average measurements of stallions used in the LWB breeding program (different breeds) were 168.6 ± 4.3 cm for height at withers, 194.4 ± 6.6 cm for chest circumference, 21.8 ± 1.0 cm for cannon bone circumference, massivity index 115.5 ± 3.1, boniness index 13.0 ± 0.5. Average measurements of stallions used in the LHWB breeding program (only LHWB stallions) were 167.6 ± 4.6 cm, 201.4 ± 7.3 cm, 23.7 ± 1.0 cm, respectively, and massivity index 120.0 ± 5.0, boniness index 14.1 ± 0.6. Significant differences between LWB and LHWB stallions were observed in all parameters, except height at withers, and between measurements at the age of 2, 3, 4 years and adult (5 and more years).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Analysis of measurements of Latvian warm blood and Latvian heavy warm blood sires

Veidemane¹,

Jonkus²

2018

Research for Rural Development

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“…Warmblood horses studied by Catalano et al (2016) presented higher mean values for withers height (1.67 m), body length (1.79 m), and thorax girth (1.99 m) compared with the Brazilian Sport Horses undergoing eventing training (1.62, 1.60, and 1.84 m, respectively). It is important to emphasize that the origin of the Brazilian Sport Horse breed is mainly European warmbloods.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Morphometric measurements and animal-performance indices in a study of racial forms of Brazilian Sport Horses undergoing training for eventing

et al. 2017

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-This study aimed to evaluate, in a practical manner, the use of linear and angular measurements and different animal-performance indices in a study on the breed-specific conformation of Brazilian Sport Horses training for eventing. These data can form the basis for the development of future studies based on the parameters evaluated and the calculations made. Seventeen Brazilian Sport Horses training for eventing were selected. Morphometric evaluations were made of all animals using linear and angular measurements. The linear measurements were withers, croup, and barrel heights; body, croup, shoulder, neck, and head lengths; head, chest, and hip widths; distance from the elbow to the ground and from the sternum to the ground (empty substernal); and thorax, forearm, knee, fetlock, and fore cannon girths. The angular measurements were shoulder-ground, shoulder-humerus, humerus-radius, metacarpus-phalanx, coxae-ground, coxae-femur, femur-tibia, and tibiametatarsus angles. Thirteen animal-performance indices were calculated to have a better understanding of the conformation of the animals and their proportions: the relationship between the withers and croup heights, chest index, dactyl-thoracic index, estimated weight, body index, thoracic index, conformation index, load index 1, load index 2, relative body index, compactness index 1, compactness index 2, and meloscopic index. Brazilian Sport Horses in eventing training were within the expected conformation for an athletic horse, but the animal-performance indices differed among them because they are heterogeneous horses resulting from crossing among various different breeds. The use of linear and angular measurements allows the correct characterization of racial forms of Brazilian Sport Horses undergoing training for eventing. Animal-performance indices can be useful in a study of a breed-specific conformation of athletic horses.

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“…With the worldwide expansion of overweight horses [31,66] and the poor ability of owners to assess their horses' condition correctly [32,66], it is important to have a practical tool to evaluate their body condition. The Body Condition Score (BCS) is based on visual evaluation of body fat by palpation of various areas of the animal's body in order to evaluate its "physical state", ranging from extreme thinness to extreme obesity.…”

Section: Health-related Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equines with high BCS (7 < X < 8, considered obese) are more prone to suffer physiological disorders (e.g., hyperinsulinemia [31], insulin resistance: [34]). Recent research highlighted differences between BCS and body weight ranging from 2.2% to 4.9% of the horse's total body weight (3 to 39 kg) according to the breed [66]. However, the aim of BCS is to evaluate a horse's body condition rather than its actual weight, with both evaluations reflecting different factors.…”

Section: Health-related Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indicators of Horse Welfare: State-of-the-Art

Lesimple

2020

Animals

116

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Animal welfare is defined as a chronic state reflecting an individual’s subjective perception of its situation. Because it is possible to be in a good welfare state and nevertheless experience acute fear or pain, and conversely, short-term positive emotions can be experienced during impaired welfare states, welfare as a chronic state has to be clearly distinguished from temporary states related to emotions, pain or stress. The evaluation of non-verbal individuals’ welfare state, particularly in interspecific situations, is a real challenge that necessarily implies animal-based measures and requires multidisciplinary scientifically validated measures. In the last decade, studies investigating horses’ welfare flourished together with new measures that were not always scientifically tested before being used. At a time were legal decisions are made on animal welfare, it is crucial to rely on reliable welfare indicators in order to prevent false evaluation. The aim of this review is to identify the scientifically tested and reliable indicators of horses’ welfare (e.g., body lesions, apathy, aggressiveness, stereotypic behaviours) from signals of temporary states related to acute pain emotions or stress and from popular beliefs, in order to give the scientific community and the horse industry accurate evaluation tools.

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Estimation of Actual and Ideal Bodyweight Using Morphometric Measurements and Owner Guessed Bodyweight of Adult Draft and Warmblood Horses

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Analysis of measurements of Latvian warm blood and Latvian heavy warm blood sires

Analysis of measurements of Latvian warm blood and Latvian heavy warm blood sires

Morphometric measurements and animal-performance indices in a study of racial forms of Brazilian Sport Horses undergoing training for eventing

Indicators of Horse Welfare: State-of-the-Art

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