Estimation of age from human sternum-an autopsy study

Age of Fusion of Manubrium-sternum in Delhi City of India- A Digital Radiographic Study

“…Similarly non-fusion was not observed after 50 years of age in both sexes in their study whereas in present study un-fused manubrium was found at 73 years and 70 years in males and females respectively. Manoharan c did study on manubrium in south Indian population where they found that the fusion of manubrium with body of sternum was not observed below 35 years in males and below 43 years in females but it does not fuse even in extreme old age, which is in conformity of the present study 20 .…”

Determination of Age by Human Sternum

“…Manoharan C(2016) concluded that almost all cases above 21 years of age showed fusion between all segments of the body of the sternum. fusion of xiphoid with body occurs anywhere in between 32 -60 years irrespective of sex [7]. In present study, Fusion of sternebrae starts at the age of 20 years in male and 20 years in female.…”

Evaluation of manubriosternal joint fusion and second costal cartilage calcification: Are they useful for estimating advanced age groups?

“…In a study conducted by Studies assessing age from the sternum are inconsistent owing to differences in fusion definition, technical analysis, and sample selection [1,[8][9][10]14,[19][20][21][22]24,25,[30][31][32][33][34] (Table 4). The process of synostosis, or fusion, can be either matrical (not age-related) or sclerotic (likely to be age-related) [8,14].…”