Estimation of Atlantic Water transit times in East Greenland fjords using a 233U-236U tracer approach

Deciphering the Ages of Saline Water in the Baltic Sea by Anthropogenic Radiotracers

“…With distinctly different representative values for GF ((1.40 ± 0.15) × 10 −2 ) (Hain et al., 2020) and NR‐related releases (10 −7 − 10 −6 ) (HELCOM, 2020; Naegeli, 2004), Hain et al. proposed to use 233 U/ 236 U atomic ratios to distinguish the origins of anthropogenic uranium (Hain et al., 2020), the power of which has been demonstrated in the oceanic studies in the Baltic Sea (M. Lin et al., 2022; M. Lin, Qiao, Hou, Dellwig, et al., 2021; M. Lin, Qiao, Hou, Golser, et al., 2021), Greenland coast (Qiao, Andersson, & Nielsen, 2020; Qiao, Hain, & Steier, 2020; G. Lin, Lin, et al., 2022; G. Lin, Qiao, et al., 2022), Arctic Ocean (Chamizo et al., 2022; G. Lin et al., 2023; Qiao, Heldal, & Steier, 2022; Qiao, Ransby, & Steier, 2022), and Pacific Ocean (Hain et al., 2020; Qiao, Heldal, & Steier, 2022; Qiao, Ransby, & Steier, 2022).…”

Deciphering the Ages of Saline Water in the Baltic Sea by Anthropogenic Radiotracers

“…Whereas the theoretical calculation of radionuclide content in spent fuel 37 and documented discharge data from La Hague 38 suggested that negligible 233 U is produced in commercial thermal nuclear reactors (NRs) and released by RPs 36 . With distinctly different representative values for GF-((1.40 ± 0.15) × 10 − 2 ) 36 and NR (10 − 7 − 10 − 6 ) 37,38 , Hain et al (2020) proposed to use 233 U/ 236 U atomic ratios to distinguish the origins of anthropogenic uranium 34 , the power of which has been demonstrated in the oceanic studies in the Baltic Sea 22,23,36 , Greenland coast 33,39,40 , Arctic Ocean 41,42 , and Paci c Ocean 36,43 .…”

Long-Term Environmental Risks of the Baltic Sea's "Memory Effect" Revealed by Ocean Modeling and Observation of Reprocessing-Derived Radiotracers

“…137 Cs, 99 Tc, 129 I, 236 U, etc.) released from the two European nuclear reprocessing plants at Sellafield (United Kingdoms) and La Hague (France) have been recognized as useful tracers to resolve the circulation pathways and transit times of the Atlantic waters in the subpolar regions and the Arctic Ocean (Kershaw and Baxter, 1995;Povinec et al, 2003;Orre et al, 2010;Karcher et al, 2012;Casacuberta et al, 2016;Smith et al, 2021;G. Lin et al, 2022), as well as the transfer factors of the European coastal pollutions at different locations of the North Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean (Dahlgaard, 1995).…”