Isotopic composition analysis of
natural and depleted uranium by
inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)
requires the use of a high-resolution instrument due to the very slight
isotopic shifts between the atomic emission spectra of the 238U and 235U isotopes. In this work, we show that conventional
ICP-OES (without high-resolution optics) can be used for highly accurate
uranium isotopic analysis, on par with the results obtained by ICP-MS.
Such accurate measurements are achieved by applying a preparatory
mathematical procedure termed the optimal sensitivity position (OSP)
procedure. In the OSP procedure, a theoretical spectrum for 238U is constructed and subtracted from the measured spectra of calibration
solutions encompassing various isotopic ratios. The resultant spectra
are used to locate the optimal measurement positions for both major
uranium isotopes (238U and 235U) and the background
measurement position. Herein, the optimal measurement positions are
revealed to be located not at each isotope’s peak maximum but
at 424.427, 424.409, and 424.390 nm for 238U, 235U, and the background position, respectively. These locations remained
stationary during the period of this work, implying that the use of
a routine mathematical procedure is not required before every analysis.
The OSP procedure offers a direct and highly accurate approach for
determining the isotopic ratio of uranium in a relatively cheap and
simple fashion. Furthermore, this work also demonstrates the possibility
of greatly enhancing ICP-OES capabilities using mathematical analysis
of spectra.