Estimation of Calcium Titanate or Erbium Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in Normal HSF Cells

Abstract

Extensive uses of calcium titanate nanoparticles (CaTiO3-NPs) and erbium oxide nanoparticles (Er2O3-NPs) increase their release into the environment and human exposure, particularly through skin contact. However, there are almost no studies available on the effect of these nanoparticles on skin integrity. Therefore, this study was undertaken to estimate CaTiO3-NP- or Er2O3-NP-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in normal human skin fibroblast (HSF) cells. Cell viability was measured using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, while the level of DNA damage was detected using the alkaline comet assay. The intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as the expression level of p53, Bax, and Bcl2 genes were detected. Although the viability of HSF cells was non-markedly changed after 24 h, prolonged treatment with CaTiO3-NPs or Er2O3-NPs for 72 h induced concentration-dependent death of HSF cells. Treatment of normal HSF cells with IC50/72 h of CaTiO3-NPs or Er2O3-NPs did not cause marked changes in the intracellular level of ROS, DNA damage parameters, and expression levels of apoptosis genes compared to their values in the untreated HSF cells. We thus concluded that CaTiO3-NPs or Er2O3-NPs cause time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity toward normal HSF cells. However, safe and non-genotoxic effects were demonstrated by the apparent non-significant changes in intracellular ROS level, DNA integrity, and apoptotic genes’ expression after exposure of normal HSF cells to nanoparticles. Thus, it is recommended that further studies be conducted to further understand the toxic and biological effects of CaTiO3-NPs and Er2O3-NPs.

Induction of ROS mediated genomic instability, apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest by erbium oxide nanoparticles in human hepatic Hep-G2 cancer cells

“…colleagues26 of the high cytotoxicity and non-genotoxic effects of Er 2 O 3 -NPs towards normal human skin fibroblasts (HSF) cells are attributable to genomic stability and controlled DNA repair mechanisms, thus normal HSF cells maintain their genomic integrity.…”

Induction of oxidative DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and p53 mediated apoptosis by calcium titanate nanoparticles in MCF-7 breast cancer cells

“…Although, the size of many nanoparticles measured by DLS is actually found to be larger than the size measured by TEM, there is no fixed rule for nanoparticles because the measured size of nanoparticles depends on the concentration of nanoparticles, ions and other variables. Consequently, the lower measured size of CaTiO 3 -NPs in this study by Dynamic Laser Scattering (DLS) compared to that measured by TEM in our recent published manuscript [ 19 ] may result from using highly diluted samples in DLS and also the low Zeta potential value of − 3.38 mv makes CaTiO 3 -NPs highly aggregated in consistence with recent study [ 20 ] that showed that size of CaTiO 3 -NPs by DLS was ranged from 15–30 nm, while sized measured by TEM was larger and ranged from 10–100 nm.…”

“…Similarly, treatment of normal cells with CaTiO 3 -NPs caused the time and concentration-dependent death of normal human skin fibroblast (HSF) cells. However, the genomic integrity of normal HSF cells was still normal and not disrupted after treatment with IC50/72 of CaTiO 3 -NPs for 72 h [ 27 ].…”

Three Potential Elements of Developing Nerve Guidance Conduit for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

“…Calcium titanate microspheres, calcium titanate composites, calcium titanate NPs / Electrochemical biosensing, [89] bone tissue engineering, [90] dental implant surface modification, [91] peripheral nerve regeneration. [92] Antibacterial property, bone-bonding capabilities, [91] Cytotoxicity [93] Melanin Eumelanin, polydopamine…”