Estimation of cardiovascular risk in a rural population of Lucknow district using WHO/ISH risk prediction charts

Deori, Trideep Jyoti; Agarwal, Monika; Masood, Jamal; Sharma, Sugandhi; Ansari, Arshi

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_646_20

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Similar findings were observed in the study done by Deori T J et al in rural population of Lucknow and Balaji B V et al in rural population of India. [18,19] The risk of developing CVD increases as age progress, which was found in this study. The intermediate and high CVD risk was more among study participants who were above 40 years irrespective of genders.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Ten Years Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease among Adults in Rural Area of Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka

Gupta¹,

Singh²,

Naik³

et al. 2022

JMSH

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Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), one of the non-communicable diseases, has become a major public health problem and it is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in both developing and developed countries. The important CVD risk factors are obesity, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and tobacco use. Cardiovascular risk approach is feasible and cost-effective tool, which helps to identify those at high risk for developing CVDs, so that immediate preventive measures or action can be taken to reduce the risk. Objectives: estimate the ten-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease using Framingham heart risk assessment score. Materials and Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among adults residing in a rural area of Dakshina Kannada District for a period of 6 months from July 2013 to December 2013. The data was collected using pretested semi structured questionnaire through interview methods. Anthropometric measurement and blood investigation (fasting blood sugar and lipid profile) was done. The Framingham Risk Score is a gender-specific algorithm used to estimate the 10-year cardiovascular risk of an individual Results: Among 712 study participants, 95 (13.3%) and 20 (2.8%) participants had intermediate and high risk of developing cardiovascular disease in 10 years respectively. The proportion of intermediate CVD risk prediction and high-risk predication was more in males as compared to females. Conclusion: The cardiovascular risk factors like obesity, physical inactivity, diabetes and hypertension are widely prevalent among adults in rural areas. The high-risk prediction for developing CVD among study participants in next 10 years was 2.8%. Keywords: Cardiovascular risk factors, Framingham risk score, 10 years CVD risk prediction, Prevalence

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Ten Years Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease among Adults in Rural Area of Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka

Gupta¹,

Singh²,

Naik³

et al. 2022

JMSH

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“…It was observed that there was a high concordance of 83.3% between the laboratory-based and non-laboratorybased CVD risk charts. 2013) respectively [13][14][15]. In our study, the kappa statistic between the two WHO CVD risk charts was 0.64.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

“…There are previous studies assessing the concordance of WHO/ISH risk prediction tool between the charts with cholesterol and without cholesterol levels, which reported concordance in the range of 86.3% to 89.5%. A study by Deori et al (2020) observed a concordance of 86.3% while concordance of 89.5% and 88.1% was observed by Fatema et al (2015) and Nordet et al (2013) respectively [ 13 14 15 ]. In our study, the kappa statistic between the two WHO CVD risk charts was 0.64.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

WHO Non-Lab-Based CVD Risk Assessment: A Reliable Measure in a North Indian Population

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Timely, affordable, and sustained interventions reduce the risk of heart attack or Stroke in people with a high total risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Risk prediction tools are available to estimate the cardiovascular risk using information on multiple variables. CVD risk charts prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) has laboratory-based and non-laboratory-based charts with the latter meant for use in resource limited settings. We conducted a study to determine concordance between the laboratory-and non-laboratory risk charts and to estimate the prevalence of selected CVD risk factors in a rural Indian population. Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural area of Ballabgarh in district Faridabad, Haryana. Sample of 1,018 participants aged 30-69 years was selected randomly from study area. Information on CVDs risk factors was obtained using WHO STEPS questionnaire, anthropometry and laboratory investigation. Risk distribution among the study participants was observed. Concordance between laboratory-and non-laboratory-based WHO CVD risk charts was determined using agreement analysis. Results:The mean age of the study participants was 43.9 (8.9) years and 55.6% participants were women. Among various CVD risk factors, hypertension (39.4%) was the major factor followed by overweight (34.1%) was found to be major factor, followed by current smoking (23.6%) and hypercholesterolemia (18.7%). The concordance between the two charts was 83.3% with kappa value of 0.64. Considering laboratorybased charts as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of non-laboratorybased risk charts at 5% risk as cut-off was 86.5% and 90.3% respectively. Conclusion:The study shows a good agreement between the laboratory-based and non-laboratory-based risk charts. Thus non-laboratory-based risk charts are suitable for risk estimation of CVDs for use in resource limited settings like India.

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“…in the rural part of South India (25.2%). (20,21) Contrary to this, Ghorpade AG et.al. have shown only 17% of the participants at moderate to high risk for the occurrence of cardiovascular events by using WHO/ISH risk prediction charts in a rural population of South India (22).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Recalibrating the Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Prediction Tools for the Rural Population of Western India

Gupta

Raghav

Tanvir

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The present study was conducted to recalibrate the effectiveness of Indian Diabetes Risk Scores (IDRS) and Community-Based Assessment Checklist (CBAC) by opportunistically screening for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Hypertension (HT) among the patients attending health centres, and to estimate the risk of fatal and non-fatal Cardio-Vascular Diseases (CVDs) using WHO/ISH chartMethods: All the people of age ≥30 years attending the health centers were screened for DM and HT. Weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences were measured and BMI and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) were calculated. Risk categorization of all participants was done using IDRS, CBAC, and WHO/ISH risk prediction charts. Individuals diagnosed with DM or HT were started on treatment. The data was recorded using Epicollect5 and was analyzed using SPSS v.23 and MedCalc v.19.8. ROC curves were plotted for DM and HT with the IDRS, CBAC score and anthropometric parameters. Sensitivity (SN), specificity (SP), Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV), Accuracy and Youden’s index were calculated for different cut-offs of IDRS and CBAC scores.Results: A total of 942 participants were included for the screening, out of them, 6.42 % (95% CI: 4.92-8.20) were diagnosed with DM. Hypertension was detected among 25.7% (95% CI: 22.9-28.5) of the participants. A total of 447 (47.3%) participants were found with IDRS score ≥ 60, and 276 (29.3%) with CBAC score >4. As much as 26.1% were at moderate to higher risk (≥10%) of developing CVDs. Area Under the Curve (AUC) for IDRS in predicting DM was 0.64 (0.58-0.70), with 67.1% SN and 55.2% SP (Youden's Index= 0.22). While the AUC for CBAC was 0.59 (0.53-0.65). For hypertension the both the AUCs were 0.66 (0.62-0.71) and 0.63 (0.59-0.67), respectively.Conclusions: Instead of CBAC, the present study emphasizes the usefulness of IDRS as an excellent tool for screening for both DM and HT. This is the time to expose the hidden part of the NCDs iceberg by having high sensitivity of non-invasive instruments (like IDRS), so, we propose a cut-off value of 50 for the IDRS to screen for diabetes in the rural Indian population.

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Estimation of cardiovascular risk in a rural population of Lucknow district using WHO/ISH risk prediction charts

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Ten Years Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease among Adults in Rural Area of Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka

Ten Years Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease among Adults in Rural Area of Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka

WHO Non-Lab-Based CVD Risk Assessment: A Reliable Measure in a North Indian Population

Recalibrating the Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Prediction Tools for the Rural Population of Western India

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