Estimation of heterosis for grain yield and yield attributes in bread wheat genotypes utilizing line x tester analysis (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell)

Abstract

Eleven genotypes of bread wheat were crossed with three testers in the rabi season of 2018-19 inline x tester mating fashion to obtain 33 F1 hybrids, which were evaluated with parents and two standard checks of wheat viz., UP 2855 and HD 2967. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar in the rabi season 2019-20. Observations were recorded on various qualitative and quantitative characters including grain yield. The results obtained revealed significant differences among all the genotypes, indicating the presence of aconsiderable amount of genetic variability. The cross combinations SOKOLL x HI 1621, followed by QBP 12-11 x HI 1621, NAC/TH.AC//3*PVN/3/MIRLO/BUC/4/ 2*PASTOR/5/… x HD 3237 were observed to be the better heterotic F1s in terms of grain yield. The hybrid QLD 75 x HI 1621 was identified as the best heterotic combination for grain weight per spike and harvest index. Whereas, for grains per spike F1, NW 6036 x HI 1621, for 1000 grain weight F1, SOKOLL x HD3237, for spike length F1, NAC/TH.AC//3*PVN/3/ MIRLO/BUC/4/2*PASTOR/5/… x HD 3237, for peduncle length F1, VORB/4/D67.2/PARANA 66.270 x HI 1621 and for days to 75% heading and days to maturity F1, PRL/2*PASTOR*2//FH6-1-7/3/KINGBIRD#1//… x PBW 725 were observed to be the better heterotic combinations. The crosses with higher heterotic values may provide an opportunity for isolation of desirable purelines in advanced generations.

Enumeration of Genetic Parameters and Genetic Diversity of Morpho-Physiological Traits in CIMMYT Bread Wheat Accessions [Triticum aestivum (L.) em. Thell]

“…The highest GAM was recorded for HI (18.19) and lowest for GNP (5.25). Similar findings have also been reported by previous studies [16,17,20,21].…”

Line by Tester Analysis to Estimate Combining Ability and Heterosis in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…Four crosses L1 × T3, L2 × T2, L4 × T1 and L5 × T2 for traits weight of grains/spike and 1000 grains weight in addition two crosses L1 × T2 and L3 × T2 of weight of grains/spike showed significant positive (P≤0.05 or 0.01) Sij effects, they considered a good donor for these traits. These results are in line with those reported by Sarwar (2016), Ijaz & Kaukab (2017), Rajput (2018), Ranjitha et al (2018), Shah et al (2018a), El-Gammaal (2019), Alhossary (2020), Dhoot et al (2020), Gupta et al (2020), Kizilgeci (2020), El Nahas & Ali (2021 and Roy et al (2021b). Gemmeiza 11 (L1), Sids 1 (L2), Sids 14 (L3), Misr 1 (L4), Misr 2 (L5), Sids 12 (T1), Sakha 94 (T2) and Giza 171 (T3), *,** significant at 0.05 and 0.01 levels of probability, respectively.…”

Heterosis and Combining Ability Analysis for Yield and Its Component Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Experimental Investigation

“…Variances due to Parents vs crosses were highly significant for all the characters except Days to maturity, Number of effective tillers per plant, and Grain filling period in F1s, while lines effect were non-significant for all the characters except Days to 50% heading, Plant height, and Biological yield per plant, show significant in F1s. Fellahi et al [9], Devi et al [10,11], Kalhoro et al [12], Baloch et al [13], Prasad et al [14], and Roy et al [15] all found similar findings.…”