2016
DOI: 10.3151/jact.14.35
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Estimation of Ice Content in Mortar Based on Electrical Measurements under Freeze-Thaw Cycle

Abstract: Ice content is an essential factor that affects the internal pressure of cement-based materials during freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs). Since the electrical conductivity of mortar is closely related to its moisture content, it is possible to estimate the ice content based on electrical conductivity variation of mortar. As a result, the ice formation process during FTCs can be monitored. This paper proposed a model to estimate the ice content by applying electrical measurements and clarified the combined effects of t… Show more

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Cited by 25 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…The computed ice volume is very close to the experimental measurements (e.g. Sun and Scherer 2010;Wang et al 2016).…”
Section: Gel Intrusion and Ice Formation In Capillary Poressupporting
confidence: 59%
“…The computed ice volume is very close to the experimental measurements (e.g. Sun and Scherer 2010;Wang et al 2016).…”
Section: Gel Intrusion and Ice Formation In Capillary Poressupporting
confidence: 59%
“…When the microstructure properties changed, the mechanical properties change as well [40]. For partially-saturated samples, the activation energy can be calculated based on the activation energy of fully-saturated samples and the saturation degree [36]. If the frost damage degree is known, then the saturation degree change due to the porosity increase as well as its effect on activation energy could be understood.…”
Section: Activation Energy Changes With Ftcsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because ice formation is essential for understanding the frost damage of concrete [33], electrical measurements have been applied to estimate the ice content below freezing point [34][35][36][37][38]. To estimate the ice content of mortar sample saturated with NaCl solutions, the relationships between the combined effects of saturation degree, temperature and solution ions concentration and the electrical conductivity of mortar samples were clarified [37].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the electrical test, the electrical resistance of specimen was measured by alternating current (AC) two-point method with FTCs (Wang et al, 2016b). The frequency of the alternating current is 1 kHz, and the test data were collected every 10 s by computer continuously.…”
Section: Electrical and Freeze-thaw Cycles Testsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This technique was applied to study concrete for decades (Whittington, McCarter, & Forde, 1981); moreover, it is believed that the electrical resistivity of concrete is related to the pore characteristics, pore solution composition, saturation degree, and temperature (Weiss, Snyder, Bullard, & Bentz, 2012). Since ice formation is essential for understanding the frost damage of concrete (Gong, Wang, Zhang, & Ueda, 2015), electrical measurements was applied to estimate the ice content below freezing point (Cai & Liu, 1998;Wang, Gong, Zhang, & Ueda, 2016b). In addition, Wang, Zeng, Wang, Yao, and Li (2014) attempted to use the maximum electrical resistivity to evaluate the frost damage of cement paste immersed to water with FTCs.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%