Estimation of ideal tilt angle for solar-PV panel surfaces facing south: a case study for Najran City, Saudi Arabia

Alqaed, Saeed; Mustafa, Jawed; Almehmadi, Fahad Awjah; Jamil, Basharat

doi:10.1007/s10973-022-11812-8

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The results showed high precision for the region. The optimum tilt angle for PV solar panels was also estimated for the city of Najran in the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia [51].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of Solar-Energy Adoption in GCC, Yemen, Iraq, and Jordan: Challenges and Carbon-Footprint Analysis

Farahat,

Labban,

Mashat

et al. 2024

Clean Technol.

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This work examines the potential of some of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries (GCC) (Saudi Arabia (KSA), the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Qatar (QA), Bahrain (BH), Oman (OM)), Yemen (YE), Iraq (IQ), and Jordan (JO) to use their abundant solar radiation to generate electricity through PV technology. The study is structured to help decision-makers access the necessary data related to the status of solar-energy infrastructure and power production in the study region. The study investigates current efforts to establish PV technology and the challenges hindering the development of this technology. These efforts and challenges are then benchmarked against their status in Australia, which has climate and landscape conditions similar to those of the countries in the study region. It was found that Australia is successfully adopting solar energy in households and industrial locations despite its historical reliance on fossil fuels for energy production. This offers a potential avenue for replicating the Australian model of PV development in the study region. This work also addresses the effect of natural and anthropogenic aerosols on the performance of the PV panels. Meanwhile, it also proposes a conceptual model to help local governments and decision-makers in adopting solar-energy projects in the study region. Additionally, a preliminary carbon-footprint analysis of avoided emissions from PV energy utilization compared to national grid intensity was performed for each country. Findings show that the countries in the study region have great potential for using solar energy to gradually replace fossil fuels and protect the environment. It is observed that more hours of daylight and clear-to-scattered cloud coverage help increase solar irradiance near the ground all year around. Dust and aerosol loadings, however, were found to greatly reduce solar irradiance over the GCC area, especially during large dust events. Despite the high potential for harvesting solar energy in the study region, only a handful of PV plants and infrastructural facilities have been established, mostly in the KSA, the UAE, and Jordan. It was found that there is a critical need to put in place regulations, policies, and near-future vision to support solar energy generation and reduce reliance on fossil fuels for electricity production.

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“…The results showed high precision for the region. The optimum tilt angle for PV solar panels was also estimated for the city of Najran in the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia [51].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of Solar-Energy Adoption in GCC, Yemen, Iraq, and Jordan: Challenges and Carbon-Footprint Analysis

Farahat,

Labban,

Mashat

et al. 2024

Clean Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Under this strategy, the generator is run at a higher power level than the immediate demand, and the excess power generated is used to charge the batteries until the batteries are fully charged or reach SoC max . In a recent study [40], the tilt angle was evaluated in Najran City in all seasons. According to that study, the optimal annual angle for all seasons was obtained as 20.97 • .…”

Section: Cases Under Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to that study, the optimal annual angle for all seasons was obtained as 20.97 • . In our study, the system was examined under various tilt angles that were based on [40] and HOMER software default values, while the azimuth angles were chosen as 0 • and 50 • degrees. The NSII total roof area was established as 12,000 m 2 after excluding 5-8% from each roof for maintenance purposes.…”

Section: Cases Under Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Renewable Energy Integration through Innovative Hybrid Microgrid Design: A Case Study of Najran Secondary Industrial Institute in Saudi Arabia

Abusaq,

Zohdy

2024

Clean Technol.

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Amidst a growing global focus on sustainable energy, this study investigates the underutilization of renewable resources in the southern region of Saudi Arabia, with a specific emphasis on the Najran Secondary Industrial Institute (NSII). This research presents an in-depth analysis of installing a hybrid microgrid (MG) system on the roofs of NSII buildings, exploring six cases with varying tilt and azimuth angles. The study innovatively integrates architectural design and system administration, a novel approach for this location, and benchmarks the optimal angles against Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software defaults. The proposed system consists of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, a battery storage system (BSS), a converter, a diesel generator (DG), and a grid. The selected model balances technological and economic viability with environmental considerations, ensuring a reliable power supply within the NSII’s roof area constraints. An extensive sensitivity analysis evaluates the system’s resilience across different scenarios. The current system, which is grid-only, has an estimated Net Present Cost (NPC) of about USD 7.02M and emits 1.81M kg/yr of CO2. The findings point to installing a microgrid with a 20.97° tilt and 50° azimuth angle as optimal, demonstrating 54.69% lower NPC and 92% lower CO2 emissions, along with zero kWh/year unmet electrical load when applying the resilience assessments. This outcome highlights Saudi Arabia’s southern region’s renewable energy potential, aligning with national mega-projects and energy initiatives.

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Estimation of the Optimum Tilt Angle of Solar PV Panels to Maximize Incident Solar Radiation in Libya

Teyabeen,

Mohamed

2024

Energies

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The most significant factor affecting the performance of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system is its tilt angle. It determines the amount of incident solar energy at the panel surface. In this paper, the optimum tilt angle of solar PV panels is estimated based on measured data recorded in twelve major cities in Libya by changing the panel’s tilt angle from 0∘ up to 90∘ in steps of 1∘ and searching for the corresponding maximum daily total solar radiation. A non-linear regression technique was applied to establish six empirical models to determine the optimum tilt angle in Libya. The accuracy of the models was evaluated using statistical criteria such as Taylor diagrams, root mean square error, mean bias error, and correlation coefficient. The results demonstrated that the monthly optimum tilt angle increased during the winter and decreased during the summer varying from 0∘ to 59∘. In addition, both third-order polynomial and Fourier models presented the best efficiency in estimating the optimum tilt angle with a correlation coefficient of 0.9943. The percent gain in average yearly solar energy received at the monthly optimum tilt angle varies from 12.43% to 17.24% for all studied sites compared to the horizontal surface.

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Estimation of ideal tilt angle for solar-PV panel surfaces facing south: a case study for Najran City, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 3 publications

References 71 publications

Status of Solar-Energy Adoption in GCC, Yemen, Iraq, and Jordan: Challenges and Carbon-Footprint Analysis

Status of Solar-Energy Adoption in GCC, Yemen, Iraq, and Jordan: Challenges and Carbon-Footprint Analysis

Optimizing Renewable Energy Integration through Innovative Hybrid Microgrid Design: A Case Study of Najran Secondary Industrial Institute in Saudi Arabia

Estimation of the Optimum Tilt Angle of Solar PV Panels to Maximize Incident Solar Radiation in Libya

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