Estimation of largemouth bass, <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> Lacépède, growth using the liver somatic index and physiological variables*

Adams, S. Marshall; McLean, R.B.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1985.tb04248.x

Cited by 124 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Three sampled fish from each vat were subjected to biochemical analyses to determine crude protein, crude lipid and ash contents of the fish following the AOAC method (Helrich 1990). Growth was determined by percent increase in weight, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and apparent net protein utilization (ANPU) using standard formulae (Bagenal 1978;Castell and Tiews 1980;Adams and Mclean 1985;Steffens 1989). …”

Section: Experiments On Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cypermethrin induced stress and changes in growth of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus

Majumder

Kaviraj

2017

Int Aquat Res

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Bioassays were conducted with technical grade and commercial formulation of cypermethrin using freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus as the test fish. The technical grade cypermethrin contained 92% active ingredient (a.i.) and the commercial formulation was an emulsified concentrate (EC) containing 10% a.i. (10% EC). Based on the actual concentration in water (2 h), the commercial formulation was found to be more acutely toxic to O. niloticus (96-h LC 50 = 4.85 lg/L) than the technical grade cypermethrin (96-h LC 50 = 9.74 lg/L). Exposure to sub-lethal concentrations (1.25, 2.5 lg/L) of commercial cypermethrin for 96 h produced stress on the fish, which was evident from the reduction of hepatic glycogen, reduction in the activities of alkaline phosphatase, acetylcholinesterase and catalase in liver and elevation of plasma glucose level and activities of hepatic acid phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Exposure to these concentrations of cypermethrin for 14-28 days produced anaemia in fish. Long-term exposure (90 days) of the fish to these concentrations reduced the growth and deposition of protein and lipid in the body of fish as compared to control.It is concluded from this study that even minute concentration (1.25 lg/L) of cypermethrin (10% EC) in water can produce stress on fish. Long term exposure to such concentration of cypermethrin may also affect growth of the fish.

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Section: Experiments On Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cypermethrin induced stress and changes in growth of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus

Majumder

Kaviraj

2017

Int Aquat Res

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“…Tissue somatic indices are also commonly reported in fisheries studies because the indices can be easily determined and some indices such as the HSI can be an excellent predictor of adverse health in fish (Adams and McLean, 1985). In the present experiments, GSI of males exposed Table 1 Growth, gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic somatic index (HSI) and renal somatic index (RSI) of adult rare minnow at the end of NP and EE2 exposure period 49.2 ± 4.2 51.6 ± 3.8 1.6 ± 0.6 2.4 ± 0.6 3.3 ± 2.2 12.4 ± 4.3 2.3 ± 0.6 2.7 ± 0.2 0.6 ± 0.3 0.6 ± 0.2 10 lg/l NP 49.7 ± 3.4 51.9 ± 4.3 1.5 ± 0.5 2.2 ± 0.7 4.0 ± 1.5* 12.3 ± 4.4 2.7 ± 0.5 2.6 ± 0.2 0.7 ± 0.4 0.5 ± 0.5 30 lg/l NP 49.1 ± 3.8 51.0 ± 3.5 1.4 ± 0.4 2.1 ± 0.5 4.9 ± 1.8* 13.4 ± 5.2 2.8 ± 0.6 2.1 ± 0.4 0.6 ± 0.4 0.6 ± 0.4 1 ng/l EE 2 50.0 ± 4.2 52.2 ± 4.1 1.5 ± 0.5 2.2 ± 0.7 5.6 ± 0.8* 13.5 ± 5.8 2.8 ± 0.7 3.0 ± 0.2* 1.0 ± 0.4* 0.7 ± 0.4 5 ng/l EE 2 49.2 ± 3.8 51.1 ± 3.2 1.5 ± 0.4 2.1 ± 0.8 3.9 ± 1.1 9.1 ± 5.0* 2.8 ± 0.9 2.3 ± 0.3 1.4 ± 1.3* 1.3 ± 0.4* 25 ng/l EE 2 47.4 ± 3.2* 49.1 ± 3.1* 0.9 ± 0.6* 1.5 ± 0.5* 3.8 ± 1.2 4.4 ± 1.6* 3.5 ± 0.7* 2.5 ± 1.1 2.6 ± 1.4* 2.7 ± 0.9* Asterisks indicate significant difference from the control (p < 0.05).…”

Section: Tissue Somatic Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological alternation and vitellogenin induction in adult rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) after exposure to ethynylestradiol and nonylphenol

Zha¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2007

Chemosphere

156

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Adult rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) were exposed to 0, 1, 5, and 25 ng/l (nominal concentrations) of 17a-ethynylestradiol (EE 2 ) and 3, 10, and 30 lg/l (nominal concentrations) of 4-nonylphenol (NP) under flow-through conditions for a period of 28 d. Low mortality was observed at 5 and 25 ng/l EE 2 and the growth of fish reduced significantly at 25 ng/l EE 2 compared to controls. However, the gonadosomatic indices (GSI) of male fish were significantly higher in 1 ng/l EE 2 treatments and in 10 and 30 lg/l NP treatments (p < 0.05). Renal somatic indices (RSI) of male fish in EE 2 treatments were significantly higher than those in controls (p < 0.05). In contrast, significantly decreased GSI and RSI of female fish could only be observed in 5 and 25 ng/l EE 2 treatments (p < 0.05). Hepatosomatic indices (HSI) of male fish were significantly higher in 25 ng/l EE 2 treatments. However, significantly increased of HSI of female fish could only be observed in 1 ng/l EE 2 treatments. Plasma vitellogenin (VTG) induction could be observed in males after exposed to different concentrations of EE 2 and NP, and plasma VTG concentrations in females exposed to 5 and 25 ng/l EE 2 were also significantly higher than in controls (p < 0.05). At level higher than 5 ng/l EE 2 or 30 lg/l NP, hepatic tissue and renal tissue impairment of males could be observed. The pathological male liver was associated with a hypertrophy of hepatocytes and damages to cellar structure and accumulated eosinophilic material. Renal tissue showed different pathological effects which was reflected by accumulated eosinophilic material, hemorrhages within the kidney tubules and hypertrophy of the tubular epithelia. Also at these levels of exposure, feminization of male fish could be noticed and parts of males manifested the testis-ova phenomenon. Ovaries of female rare minnow in 25 ng/l EE 2 treatment group were degenerated. Therefore when exposed to EE 2 and NP even at environmental observed concentrations, adverse effects could occur in the reproductive system of adult fishes. The observed hepatic tissue and renal tissue impairment should be due to the induction and accumulation of VTG in organs, especially in males.

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“…The HSI range for RGB bass was 0.6-1.5%, which is also typical for Micropterus sp. Liver enlargement has been reported in largemouth bass from PCB-contaminated sites (Adams and McLean, 1985) as well as in other fishes exposed to contaminants in both field and laboratory studies (see review by Dethloff and Schmitt, 2000 and subsequent studies by Sepú lveda et al, (2001Sepú lveda et al, ( , 2003. The liver represented 0.5-1.5% of body weight in most male and female bass collected from the MRB in 1995, but enlarged livers were detected in bass from a few PCB-and pesticide-contaminated sites (Blazer et al, 2002).…”

Section: Fish Health Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental contaminants and biomarker responses in fish from the Rio Grande and its U.S. tributaries: Spatial and temporal trends

Schmitt

Hinck

Blazer³

et al. 2005

Science of The Total Environment

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Dethloff, Gail M.; Bartish, Timothy M.; Coyle, James J.; and Tillitt, Donald E., "Environmental contaminants and biomarker responses in fish from the Rio Grande and its U.S. tributaries: Spatial and temporal trends" (2005 AbstractWe collected, examined, and analyzed 368 fish of seven species from 10 sites on rivers of the Rio Grande Basin (RGB) during late 1997 and early 1998 to document temporal and geographic trends in the concentrations of accumulative contaminants and to assess contaminant effects on the fish. Sites were located on the mainstem of the Rio Grande and on the Arroyo Colorado and Pecos River in Texas (TX), New Mexico (NM), and Colorado. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were the targeted species. Fish were examined in the field for internal and external visible gross lesions, selected organs were weighed to compute ponderal and organosomatic indices, and samples of tissues and fluids were obtained and preserved for analysis of fish health and reproductive biomarkers. Whole fish from each station were composited by species and gender and analyzed for organochlorine chemical residues and elemental contaminants using instrumental methods, and for 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin-like activity (TCDD-EQ) using the H4IIE rat hepatoma cell bioassay. Overall, fish from lower RGB stations contained greater concentrations of organochlorine pesticide residues and appeared to be less healthy than those from sites in the central and upper parts of the basin, as indicated by a general gradient of residue concentrations and biomarker responses. A minimal number of altered biomarkers and few or no elevated contaminant concentrations were noted in fish from the upper RGB. The exception was elevated concentrations [up to 0.46 Ag/g wet-weight (ww)] of total mercury (Hg) in predatory species from the Rio Grande at Elephant Butte Reservoir, NM, a condition documented in previous studies. Arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) concentrations were greatest in fish from sites in the central RGB; Se concentrations in fish from the Pecos River at Red Bluff Lake, TX and from the Rio Grande at Langtry, TX and Amistad International Reservoir, TX exceeded published fish and wildlife toxicity thresholds. In the lower RGB, residues of This article is a U.S. government work, and is not subject to copyright in the United States.p,pV-DDT metabolites (V1.69 Ag/g ww), chlordane-related compounds (V0.21 Ag/g ww), dieldrin (V0.0.05 Ag/g ww), and toxaphene (V2.4 Ag/g ww) were detected in fish from most sites; maximum concentrations were in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) from the Arroyo Colorado at Harlingen, TX. Concentrations of one or more residues exceeded toxicity thresholds for fish and wildlife in fish from this site and from the Rio Grande at Mission, TX and Brownsville, TX; however, concentrations were lower than those reported by previous studies. In addition, the proportional concentrations of p,pV-DDT at all sites were low, indicating weathered DDT rather than the influx of new ma...

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Estimation of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides Lacépède, growth using the liver somatic index and physiological variables*

Cited by 124 publications

References 32 publications

Cypermethrin induced stress and changes in growth of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus

Cypermethrin induced stress and changes in growth of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus

Histological alternation and vitellogenin induction in adult rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) after exposure to ethynylestradiol and nonylphenol

Environmental contaminants and biomarker responses in fish from the Rio Grande and its U.S. tributaries: Spatial and temporal trends

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