Estimation of lipid profile and some inflammatory biomarkers in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 linked to hypertension

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and hypertension are two common diseases that impact a significant section of the population . Pro-inflammatory mediators such as Interferon Gamma (IFN-γ) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels are proposed to be linked to these diseases. The present study was aimed to explore the link between IFN- γ, CRP and lipid profile levels In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) connected to hypertension. The current study included 78 patients who had T2DM and 40 samples were collected from healthy people, both aged from 35 to 60 years. The total number of T2DM patients group were divided into two groups: 41 patients with Hypertension (HP) and 37 patients without HP, and according to their Body Mass Index (BMI). In addition, the relationship between gender and these diseases was also investigated. The results showed that the levels of Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL), and Very Low-Density Lipoproteins (VLDL) were significantly increased in T2DM patients in both women and men. The results also showed a significant increase in the levels of TC, TG, LDL and VLDL in overweighted T2DM patients with HP. However, the levels of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) were significantly decreased in all T2DM patients. Moreover, the levels of CRP were significantly increased in T2DM female and male patients. However, the levels of IFN-γ significantly decreased in T2DM female and male patients. Furthermore, body fat percentage and waist/hip ratio significantly increased and were associated with Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), TC, and CRP in T2DM patients. The findings confirm that lipid profile and pro-inflammatory parameters, such as CRP and IFN-γ, could have a significant impact on T2DM burden that is connected to the presence of HP. Therefore, regulating of lipid profile and pro-inflammatory parameters (CRP and IFN-γ) could protect against development and progression of T2DM accompanied by HP.