Estimation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield Per Harvest Area: Appropriate Methods

Tandzi, Liliane Ngoune; Mutengwa, Charles Shelton

doi:10.3390/agronomy10010029

Cited by 102 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…It occupies 25.7% of the land area that is used in cereal cultivation (Açar et al, 2015). Although it is used primarily as human food and animal feed (Tandzi & Mutengwa, 2020), corn is an industrial raw material. It has particular importance in human nutrition in less developed countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient contents and in vitro digestibility of different parts of corn plant

Ayaşan

Çetinkaya

Aykanat³

et al. 2020

SA J. An. Sci.

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AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the nutrient contents and in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) of parts of the corn plant. The corn used in the study was P2088, a variety that is grown widely in Turkey. It had matured and was harvested 140 days after planting. Four replicate plants were separated into nine parts, namely lower stalk, central stalk, upper stalk, corn ear stalk, corn ear shuck, kernels, corn cob, leaf, tassel, plus the entire plant. The samples were dried and ground for analysis. Nutritional values were determined in the laboratory and in vitro digestibility was assessed. Significant differences in nutrient content were observed among parts of the corn plant. The highest crude protein (CP) content was found in the leaf (12.41%), followed by the grain (12.37%). Dry matter (DM) varied from 91.25% to 96.07%. The highest ether extract (EE) was in the grain (2.84%), and the upper stalk contained the least EE (0.29%). The parts also differed in their contents of crude cellulose (CS) and crude ash (CA) (P <0.001). Most organic matter (OM) was found in the corn cup (94.27%). The highest in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) was in the kernels (79.06%) and the lowest was in the lower stalk (38.13%). In terms of in vitro true organic matter digestibility (OMD) values of the corn plant and its 9 parts, the highest values were found in the kernels and the lowest in the lower stalk.Keywords: crude nutrients, in vitro true digestibility, parts of corn plant

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient contents and in vitro digestibility of different parts of corn plant

Ayaşan

Çetinkaya

Aykanat³

et al. 2020

SA J. An. Sci.

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“…Grain yield (tons/ha) was evaluated at the end of the season by the method that adjusts for moisture content. 22…”

Section: Maize Yield Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of maize resistance breeding and chemical control against northern leaf blight in smallholder farms in South Africa

et al. 2020

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Maize underpins food security in South Africa. An annual production of more than 10 million tons is a combination of the output of large-scale commercial farms plus an estimated 250 000 ha cultivated by smallholder farmers. Maize leaves are a rich source of nutrients for fungal pathogens. Farmers must limit leaf blighting by fungi to prevent sugars captured by photosynthesis being ‘stolen’ instead of filling the grain. This study aimed to fill the knowledge gap on the prevalence and impact of fungal foliar diseases in local smallholder maize fields. A survey with 1124 plant observations from diverse maize hybrids was conducted over three seasons from 2015 to 2017 in five farming communities in KwaZulu-Natal Province (Hlanganani, Ntabamhlophe, KwaNxamalala) and Eastern Cape Province (Bizana, Tabankulu). Northern leaf blight (NLB), common rust, Phaeosphaeria leaf spot, and grey leaf spot had overall disease incidences of 75%, 77%, 68% and 56%, respectively, indicating high disease pressure in smallholder farming environments. NLB had the highest disease severity (LSD test, p<0.05). A yield trial focused on NLB in KwaZulu-Natal showed that this disease reduced yields in the three most susceptible maize hybrids by 36%, 71% and 72%, respectively. Eighteen other hybrids in this trial did not show significant yield reductions due to NLB, which illustrates the progress made by local maize breeders in disease resistance breeding. This work highlights the risk to smallholder farmers of planting disease-susceptible varieties, and makes recommendations on how to exploit the advances of hybrid maize disease resistance breeding to develop farmer-preferred varieties for smallholder production.

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“…Maize is one of the most important cereal crops in the world, providing a staple food, and being used as source of income for many populations in developing countries (Tandzi et al, 2020). It is an essential source of carbohydrate for human diets and animal feed in developing countries (Undie et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agro-morphological Characterization of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Under Acid Soils in Two Contrasting Environments

Tekeu¹,

Ngonkeu²,

Tandzi³

et al. 2021

JAS

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Acidic soils cover 75 to 80% of the arable soils in the humid forest areas of Cameroon, causing maize yield losses of around 69%. Sixty-four accessions of maize hybrids were developped from “Line × Tester” crosses between twenty tropical inbred lines with three testers (Cam inbgp117, 88069 and 9450) and between testers themselves, and one acid tolerant open pollinated variety (ATP-SR-Y). Those inbred breeding lines were collected from CIMMYT, IITA and IRAD and the derived single hybrids were characterized using agro-morphological maize’s descriptors on a completely randomized block design in two contrasting environments (Nkoemvone and Nkolbisson). The data collected was subjected to multivariate analyses. The Principal Component Analysis showed the first two components being 73.60% and 78.99% of the total variation in Nkoemvone and Nkolbisson, respectively. Furthermore, grain yield showed a positive and highly significant correlation with the plant emergence rate in Nkoemvone (r = 0.61, P < 0.001) and Nkolbisson (r = 0.84, P < 0.001). Hierarchical Clustering Analysis indicated that these accessions forms four distinct groups, where each of the groups showed clear specific features for which the performance differs from that of the others in Nkoemvone and Nkolbisson. Characters such as plant emergence rate, prolificacy, ear appearance and grain yield have been found as important phenotypic markers for assessing agromorphological diversity of maize hybrids. These traits should necessarily be considered in maize breeding programs for varietal discrimination and formulation of cores collection of maize tolerant to aluminum and manganese toxicities in the soil.

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Estimation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield Per Harvest Area: Appropriate Methods

Cited by 102 publications

References 75 publications

Nutrient contents and in vitro digestibility of different parts of corn plant

Nutrient contents and in vitro digestibility of different parts of corn plant

Benefits of maize resistance breeding and chemical control against northern leaf blight in smallholder farms in South Africa

Agro-morphological Characterization of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Under Acid Soils in Two Contrasting Environments

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