Estimation of maximal oxygen uptake by bioelectrical impedance analysis

Abstract

Previous non-exercise models for the prediction of maximal oxygen uptake VO(2max) have failed to accurately discriminate cardiorespiratory fitness within large cohorts. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of a completely indirect method for predicting VO(2max) that was based on bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in 66 young, healthy fit men and women. Multiple, stepwise regression analysis was used to determine the usefulness of BIA and additional covariates to estimate VO(2max) (ml min(-1)). BIA was highly correlated to VO(2max) (r = 0.914; P < 0.001) and entered the regression equation first. The inclusion of gender and a physical activity rating further improved the model which accounted for 88% of the variance in VO(2max) and resulted in a relative standard error of the estimate (SEE) of 7.2%. Substantial agreement between the methods was confirmed by the fact that nearly all the differences were within +/-2 SD. Furthermore, in contrast to previously published non-exercise models, no trend of a reduction in prediction accuracy with increasing VO(2max) values was apparent. It was concluded that a non-exercise model based on BIA might be a rapid and useful technique to estimate VO(2max), when a direct test does not seem feasible. However, though the present results are useful to determine the viability of the method, further refinement of the BIA approach and its validation in a large, diverse population is needed before it can be applied to the clinical and epidemiological settings.

Muscle assessment using multi‐frequency bioimpedance in a healthy Danish population aged 20–69 years: a powerful non‐invasive tool in sports and in the clinic

“…), nor any difference in membrane capacitance (Mc), or in the intracellular resistance (Ri), which has been shown to be associated with cellular oxygen use (metabolism) (Stahn et al. , ).…”

“…This is further supported by the fact that both the Xc and the PA values describing fiber size and/or cellular energy storage (Tonkovic et al 2000;Lukaski 2013;Nescolarde et al 2013a), thereby expressing general cellular health, remain unchanged. There were no signs of differences in resting tension (fc) with age (Elbrønd et al 2015), nor any difference in membrane capacitance (Mc), or in the intracellular resistance (Ri), which has been shown to be associated with cellular oxygen use (metabolism) (Stahn et al 2006(Stahn et al , 2008.…”

“…Ri, has been directly related to VOmax, the maximal aerobic capacity, and thereby oxygen consumption of the muscle cells (Stahn et al. , ). Mc and Ri together will therefore give an indication of metabolic activity without any invasive and tedious measurements.…”

“…Mc gives an indication of transport activity over the muscle cell membrane, thereby telling about metabolic activity in the cell, but it is also very much related to the thickness of the cell membrane (Ivorra 2003;Dodde et al 2012;Tan et al 2012). Ri, has been directly related to VOmax, the maximal aerobic capacity, and thereby oxygen consumption of the muscle cells (Stahn et al 2006(Stahn et al , 2008. Mc and Ri together will therefore give an indication of metabolic activity without any invasive and tedious measurements.…”

Wearable Multi-Frequency and Multi-Segment Bioelectrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Unobtrusively Tracking Body Fluid Shifts during Physical Activity in Real-Field Applications: A Preliminary Study

“…Several characteristics of body tissues such as volume and conductivity of intra- and extra-cellular fluids as well as cell membrane capacitance may affect the electrical impedance differently at distinctive frequencies. Therefore, BIS may potentially provide useful information for sports medicine and aerospace medicine studies or for rehabilitation protocols, including the assessment of hydration status [ 3 ], exercise-induced loss of body fluids [ 4 ], fluid shifts between body regions following postural changes [ 5 ], edema formation in the lungs [ 6 ] or limbs [ 7 ], fat-free and fat masses [ 8 ], muscle volumes [ 9 ] and changes of muscle properties after strenuous exercise [ 10 ], muscle disorders [ 11 ], as well as estimations of maximal oxygen uptake [ 12 , 13 ].…”