Estimation of mechanical resistance of lakeside Phragmites stands

Ostendorp, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/0304-3770(95)00470-k

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The material flow from above-ground to belowground organs to maintain rhizome storage was evaluated by dynamic growth analysis (Asaeda and Karunaratne 2000;Asaeda et al 2002;Tanaka et al 2004), which has a powerful potential for analyzing the effects of different environmental conditions on the organs, such as water depth (Grace and Wetzel 1981), nutrient conditions (Ulrich and Burton 1988), interspecific competition (Grace and Wetzel 1981;Weisner 1993) and wave forces (Bonham 1983;Ostendorp 1995;Coops and Velde 1996). Modeling matter flow, such as photosynthetic production, respiration and death (Asaeda and Bon 1997), in plants has been done in P. australis (Asaeda and Karunaratne 2000;Asaeda et al 2002) and in T. angustifolia and T. latifolia (Tanaka et al 2002a(Tanaka et al , c, 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of below-ground biomass of Typha angustifolia by harvesting shoots above the water surface on different summer days

et al. 2005

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A dynamic model of regrowth in Typha angustifolia after cutting shoots above the water surface was formulated by characterizing the phenology and mobilization of resources from below-ground to aboveground organs after the cutting. The model parameters were determined by two cutting experiments to investigate the different strategies with flowering and nonflowering shoots after cutting in 2001 and by four cutting experiments to elucidate the regrowth characteristics after cutting on different days from June to September in 2002. A difference was evident both for flowering and non-flowering shoots and for each cutting day. From June to August, non-flowering shoots regrew immediately after cutting, but flowering shoots did not. The shoot regrowth height, number of leaves and shoot biomass were higher with the earlier cutting. The model was validated using the below-ground biomass observed in December 2002 and below-ground dynamics observed in 2003. In the low-flowering shoot zone of the stands, in which the percentage of flowering shoots was small (around 10%), the decrease in below-ground biomass became larger from June (20%) to August (60%). Cutting the high-flowering shoot zone (flowering shoots: 78%) in July 2001, just 1 week after peduncle formation, decreased the below-ground biomass by about 50%. In the low-flowering shoot zone, cutting just before senescence is better for decreasing below-ground biomass with a smaller rate of flowering shoots. The difference of below-ground biomass reduction in non-flowering shoots is mainly due to the decrease in downward translocation (DWT) of above-ground material to below-ground organs during senescence, because of the decrease in regrowth biomass. As for flowering shoots, the decrease in the photosynthate transportation from above-ground to below-ground organs and that of DWT are closely related because they cannot grow again within the season.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of below-ground biomass of Typha angustifolia by harvesting shoots above the water surface on different summer days

et al. 2005

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“…The reason for the presence of P. australis at the edge of the eulittoral zone is probably its low mechanical resistance. It is very fragile and can be easily destroyed by waves (Grime et al 1988;Ostendorp 1995) and ice (Hellsten 2001).…”

Section: Vegetation Compositionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Depth limit of littoral vegetation in a storage reservoir: A case study of Lipno Reservoir (Czech Republic)

2012

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a b s t r a c tControlling factors for the occurrence of littoral macrophyte species were investigated in Lipno Reservoir (area: 46.5 km 2 ; z mean : 6.6 m; z max : 22 m; water residence time: 0.6 yr), a dam impoundment with moderately fluctuating water level (amplitude up to 4 m) which is used for hydropower and downstream flow augmentation. The options of supporting littoral macrophyte growth for improving the reservoir's ecological potential were evaluated according to the European Water Framework Directive's definitions. Macrophytes were examined at 115 sites, each 50 m long, along the whole reservoir perimeter at regular 1 km intervals. Sites were surveyed for their phytocoenology, shore morphometry, pedological characteristics of substrate, transparency of water, and anthropogenic impacts. Most of the sites were characterised by a wide eulittoral zone with a tenuous cover of terrestrial hydrophilic, amphibious, and/or emergent macrophytes and a low proportion of silt, clay, and organic fractions in the substrate. Infralittoral submerged and floating-leaved macrophytes were restricted to a few sites within the mouths of the main and side tributaries where transparency was maintained by clear inflow water independent of reservoir pool fluctuations. Water transparency was low (1-2 m) compared to annual changes of water level (2 to >3 m). Multivariate statistical analysis (DCA, CCA) confirmed relationships between the occurrence of macrophyte species and morphological and substrate characteristics of the shore. Improvement of macrophyte cover and establishment of vital infralittoral zones requires improvements in water transparency and changes in reservoir operation, i.e., limiting the range of water level fluctuation to less than ca. 1 m.

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“…Table 2 shows the bending properties of stems, which were assessed in the laboratory. Bending properties of stems vary depending on which part of the stem is loaded and also depend on the sheaths and/or number of nodes (Ostendorp 1995). In the experiment described below, we applied a bending force at *0.25 m above the ground, where there were no sheaths, and we avoided nodal points.…”

Section: Determination Of Bending Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Floodplain vegetation structures and dynamics have received increasing attention over the last few decades (Lyon and Gross 2005;Nilsson et al 1994;Ostendorp 1991Ostendorp , 1995 because these plant communities perform important ecological functions, including prevention of stream bank erosion (Bonham 1983), filtering and retention of nutrients (Karunaratne and Asaeda 2002), provision of wildlife habitats, and maintenance of ecosystem stability (Haslam 1996). Disturbance is an important and widespread phenomenon in riparian and floodplain ecosystems; it interrupts an ecological community and changes substrate availability or the physical environment (Pickett et al 1989) and maintains species richness (Barrat-Segretain and Amoros 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of breaking or bending the stems of two rhizomatous plants, Phragmites australis and Miscanthus sacchariflorus, on their communities

Das

Tanaka

2007

Landscape Ecol Eng

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To understand the effects of disturbance on vegetation, bending and cutting experiments were conducted on two rhizomatous plant species, Phragmites australis and Miscanthus sacchariflorus, in a floodplain area of the Arakawa River, Japan. The plants were damaged in the late development growth stage on 3 August 2004 (August disturbance) and in the middle development growth stage on 29 June 2005 (June disturbance). The severity of the damage was evaluated based on shoot morphology and belowground biomass. The recoveries of the two plants from the flood-like artificial disturbance were compared with undisturbed stands. The morphological response of the shoot was higher after the June disturbance than after the August disturbance in both plants. In contrast, the recovery of belowground biomass in P. australis at the end of the growth season was higher after the August disturbance (87 and 72% for bending and cutting, respectively) compared with the June disturbance (84 and 60% for the same). The recoveries in M. sacchariflorus for the two disturbances showed the opposite trend (73 and 59% for bending and cutting, respectively, after the August disturbance, and 90 and 73% after the same disturbance in June). The study demonstrated that an event like flooding, whether it is breaking or bending, will cause greater damage if it occurs at the late development growth stage in M. sacchariflorus compared with the middle development growth stage. In contrast, P. australis tolerated disturbances up to a certain magnitude; after that, the effect was more severe in the middle development growth stage compared with late development growth stage.

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Estimation of mechanical resistance of lakeside Phragmites stands

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Management of below-ground biomass of Typha angustifolia by harvesting shoots above the water surface on different summer days

Management of below-ground biomass of Typha angustifolia by harvesting shoots above the water surface on different summer days

Depth limit of littoral vegetation in a storage reservoir: A case study of Lipno Reservoir (Czech Republic)

The effects of breaking or bending the stems of two rhizomatous plants, Phragmites australis and Miscanthus sacchariflorus, on their communities

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