Estimation of Mold Powder Consumption in Continuous Casting

Tsutsumi, K.; Murakami, Hiroshi; Nishioka, Shin-ichi; Tada, Mitsuhiro; Nakada, Masayuki; Komatsu, Masami

doi:10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.84.9_617

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This compares with a value of Ϫ20 K per % B 2 O 3 derived from literature data for T crys . Sridhar et al 13) were unable to derive a value for the effect of B 2 O 3 on T br since they only studied one flux containing B 2 O 3 (resulting in an increase in T br , which is contrary to the experimental results presented here).…”

Section: Viscosity and Break Temperature Resultscontrasting

confidence: 55%

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Development of Fluoride-Free Fluxes for Billet Casting

Fox

Mills

Lever³

et al. 2005

ISIJ Int.

138

148

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Section: Viscosity and Break Temperature Resultscontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…Sridhar and Mills 13) carried out numerical analysis of break temperature as a function of chemical composition. They had insufficient data to determine a reliable value for the effect of B 2 O 3 on T br .…”

Section: Effect Of Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Fluoride-Free Fluxes for Billet Casting

Fox

Mills

Lever³

et al. 2005

ISIJ Int.

138

148

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“…These investigations have provided various empirical equations for mould flux consumption. According to those equations, [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] the flux consumption decreases, as the casting velocity, mould flux viscosity or oscillation frequency is increased. It is also known that the consumption is increased with increasing the positive strip time, not the negative strip time that is essential for the stability of casting operation.…”

Section: Cold Model Experiments On Infiltration Of Mould Flux In Contimentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Model Experiment on Infiltration of Mould Flux in Continuous Casting of Steel: Simulation of Mould Oscillation

et al. 2006

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System for Simulating Mould OscillationIn the present study, the system for the belt rotation was totally changed in order to investigate the effect of the oscillation on the oil infiltration. In the previous experiment that neglects the oscillating motion, a normal AC motor was used just for the belt movement at constant velocities. 26) In contrast, in this study, an AC servomotor was installed with a controller that is connected to a function generator (see Fig. 2). Using this system, the belt velocity was set as a function that consists of both time independent and time dependent velocities. The time independent velocity, V C , corresponds to casting velocity, and the time dependent velocity, V M , represents oscillating velocity of mould, which is written as:.................... (1) Where, t is the time, S and f indicate the stroke and frequency of oscillation, respectively.During the experiment, both the rotating velocity of the servomotor and displacement of the acrylic plate measured by the linear gauge sensor are transmitted simultaneously to a personal computer. This makes it possible to observe dynamic change in the film thickness of the oil in relation to the cyclic variation in the belt velocity. In a continuous casting mould, the in-situ observation of the film thickness of mould flux cannot be realized during operation. The present cold model, which overcomes this problem, will provide a better understanding of the infiltration behavior of mould flux.Precisely, there remains a difference between the mould flux infiltration in continuous casting and the oil infiltration in this experiment as indicated in Fig. 1. In continuous casting, the strand is moving downward at casting velocity, V C , and the mould is reciprocating at V M . On the other hand in the present experiment, for simplicity of the mechanism in the apparatus, the acrylic plate is fixed in the vertical direction and only the belt is moving at V C ϩV M . This discrepancy will be discussed on the basis of our theoretical model. 23,24,26) In our previous report, 26) the infiltration of silicone oil in this experiment was formulated by the Navier-Stokes equation for the simple case neglecting the oscillation. For the purpose of including the oscillation for the present study, only its boundary condition at the belt surface must be changed. Thus, replacing the boundary condition uϭV C with uϭV C ϩV M at zϭ0 in Eq. (3) in Ref. 26) and solving it, one obtains a force with which the acrylic plate is pushed away from the belt by pressure generated in the oil channel, F (N/m)......... (2) Where L represents length of the oil channel, m the dynamic viscosity of oil, r the density of oil, g the gravity constant, P 0 , P L the pressure at the entrance and exit of the channel, respectively. P 0 is set to pgd in which d is depth of oil pool, P L is zero. Where x is the distance from the entrance of the channel along the belt surface, and h(x) is the film thickness of oil as a function of x. Each of the three terms of Eq. (2) represents the contributio...

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“…8) However, powder consumption is also dependent upon other casting parameters such as the oscillation characteristics, solidification or break temperature etc. The various empirical rules [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] reported for powder consumption are summarised in Table 1. Itoyama 17) reported a model where Q s contained contributions from (i) flow emanating from the molten pool, (ii) flow between parallel plates (mould and strand), (iii) the oscillation of the mould and (iv) slag trapped in oscillation marks (Q om ).…”

Section: Mould Flux Lubricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 16) has been adopted when the oscillation characteristics are available and the modified Wolf relation 18,19) when these data are not available.) (iii) there are deviations from these relations for billetcasting where frequently high-viscosity fluxes are used to minimise problems related to turbulent metal flow (e.g.…”

Section: Mould Flux Lubricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Mould Fluxes in Continuous Casting-So Simple Yet So Complex

Mills¹,

Fox²

2003

ISIJ International

261

191

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The performance of mould fluxes in providing the optimum levels of lubrication and horizontal heat flux is relatively simple since they rely on only three properties, the viscosity and break temperature of the flux and the crystalline fraction developed in the slag film. These parameters can be readily calculated according to the mould dimensions, casting conditions and steel grade. It is only when the flux is used to combat other problems, such as those arising from turbulent metal flow (e.g. slag entrapment) that flux behaviour becomes complex and more difficult to understand. Some recent developments may help to combat problems associated with turbulent metal flow and free the flux to carry out its principal duties of providing optimum lubrication and horizontal heat flux.KEY WORDS: mould fluxes; powder consumption; heat transfer; metal flow; causes of defects; physical properties. Fig. 1. Schematic drawing of the various slag layers formed in the mould.

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Estimation of Mold Powder Consumption in Continuous Casting

Cited by 38 publications

References 2 publications

Development of Fluoride-Free Fluxes for Billet Casting

Development of Fluoride-Free Fluxes for Billet Casting

Cold Model Experiment on Infiltration of Mould Flux in Continuous Casting of Steel: Simulation of Mould Oscillation

The Role of Mould Fluxes in Continuous Casting-So Simple Yet So Complex

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