Estimation of Motor Vehicle Toxic Emissions in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City

Abstract

The contribution of gasoline-powered vehicles to air toxic emissions in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City (MAMC) is not well established. The MAMC has particular geographic conditions such as being in a valley at high altitude (2280 m above sea level) and has a very old and technologically heterogeneous vehicular fleet. Toxic compounds emitted by the exhaust of motor vehicles (e.g., benzene, 1,3-butadiene, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde) were estimated. In this work, tests using Mexican gasolines in a vehicular fleet representative of the MAMC (ca. 1999) were carried out. As a comparison, some tests were done using an American gasoline (Federal Reformulated Gasoline, RFG-1) in a representative fleet of vehicles operated in Mexico

Air quality in North America's most populous city – overview of the MCMA-2003 campaign

“…However, initial MCMA-2002 ARI mobile laboratory measurements of on-road formaldehyde emission ratios revealed very high exhaust HCHO concentrations, with HCHO emission ratios to excess CO 2 approximately eight times higher than those encountered in Boston's on-road fleet . These high HCHO emission levels along with high CH 3 CHO ratios were confirmed by the much more extensive MCMA-2003 on-road measurements reported in Zavala et al (2006), who estimated total on-road MCMA HCHO emissions of over 7 times and CH 3 CHO emissions over 4 times higher than those suggested by Schifter et al (2000).…”

“…Very high 2002 and 2003 downtown HCHO levels that also peak in mid-morning, have been documented by Grutter et al (2005). Schifter et al (2000) estimated moderate emissions of both aldehydes from MCMA gasoline powered vehicles. However, initial MCMA-2002 ARI mobile laboratory measurements of on-road formaldehyde emission ratios revealed very high exhaust HCHO concentrations, with HCHO emission ratios to excess CO 2 approximately eight times higher than those encountered in Boston's on-road fleet .…”

Inhibition of progesterone receptor activity in recombinant yeast by soot from fossil fuel combustion emissions and air particulate materials

“…The burning of fossil fuel contributes to the numerous presence of gases, aerosols and particulates into the atmosphere and is perhaps one category of the most relevant air toxic emission source to human activities in industrialized societies (Brimblecombe, 1986;EPA, 1990;Schifter et al, 2000;Neumann, 2001). Emissions of fossil fuel combustion (FFC) and urban air particulate material (APM) are complex systems.…”

Effect of Branched C8Olefins Addition to Mexican Gasoline on Motor Vehicles Exhaust Emissions

“…Following EPA 8315A method, aldehyde samples were collected on 2,4-dinitrophenyl-hydrazine (DNPH) coated silica cartridges or impinges filled with an acetonitrile/DNPH solution, and analyzed using an HP 1600 high performance liquid chromatograph and UV detector, as prescribed elsewhere (Schifter et al, 2000). A Clayton Model ECE-50-250 chassis dynamometer with a direct-drive variable-inertia flywheel system was used for testing.…”