Estimation of Plasma Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin-4 and 6 in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Both periodontitis and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are common diseases with a multifactorial etiology and have influence of cytokines in their pathogenesis and thus may also influence each other. In recent times, more attention has been given to understanding the influences of these inflammatory cytokines which are a main part of oral chronic inflammation on systemic health of the individuals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the plasma cytokine levels, specifically tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-4, in chronic periodontitis patients and T2DM patients, so as to investigate the influence of chronic periodontitis in systemic inflammation associated with diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods:The present study comprised a total sample size of 60 patients. A detailed history along with complete periodontal examination were done for each person. These patients were subdivided into four study groups with 15 subjects (n = 15) in each group: group I: healthy individuals, group II: chronic periodontitis, group III: diabetes mellitus without chronic periodontitis, and group IV: diabetes mellitus with chronic periodontitis. Venous blood was withdrawn for obtaining serum samples from the subjects. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were measured from the automated chromatography. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-6 were measured.

Endogenous and microbial biomarkers for periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…Moreover, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α are confirmed important modulators in bone metabolism within oral cavity. Altogether, these cytokines in serum and GCF can be potentially considered as biomarkers in the prediction, intervention and treatment of chronic periodontitis afflicted with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( 43 , 49 , 51 ).…”