Estimation of plasmid concentration in batch culture of Escherichia coli DH5α via simple state observer

A turbidity sensor development based on NL-PI observers: Experimental application to the control of a Sinaloa’s River Spirulina maxima cultivation

“…[2]. The photobioreactor model plant parameters (8) for observer design (17) and robust nonlinear control (19) for S. platensis cultivation in the glucose presence are based on the literature (Table 1).…”

“…where the term ( ) δ t offsets the unknown ( ) δ t disturbances estimated by the high-gain robust observer (17). Since it is known by [36] Since it is known:…”

“…This sensor is based on visible spectrophotometry as in previous study [10]. Subsequently, using the controller (19), the glucose nonmeasurable signal is estimated in the base to the observer (17). The biomass determination and net nutrients are performed based on standardized experimental methods, such as the 3.5 dinitro salicylic acid method of reducing sugars, to determine nutrients.…”

“…As regards water quality, algal biomass amount with the turbidity parameter could be estimated, with sufficient exactitude [10]. The construction of biomass sensors to optimize their control in the environment helps to mitigate the pollution problem by eutrophication, and the automation of such cultures can achieve the best possible yield in the production of algae biomass [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. The use of complex algorithms called Observers, typical of the automatic control and systems theory, can help to improve the biomass estimation and other water quality parameter variables [19].…”