Estimation of radioactive contamination of soils from the “Balapan” and the “Experimental field” technical areas of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site

Evseeva, T.; Belykh, Elena S.; Гераськин, С. А.; Majstrenko, T.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.01.002

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…"POLYGONAL" SCIENCE There has been no systematic research examining present-day human radiation exposure on the test site, nor are local residents given dosimeters or Geiger counters to monitor radioactivity in the region on their own. Moreover, radioactive contamination of the Polygon is still being studied (Evseeva et al 2012). Different risk estimation and safety norms associated with radiation exposure sharply diverge between local and international standards.…”

Section: Development Of Semipalatinskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different risk estimation and safety norms associated with radiation exposure sharply diverge between local and international standards. As a result, although the IAEA considers the Balapan site "radioactive waste," in Kazakhstan, Balapan's radioactivity concentrations are considered safe (Evseeva et al 2012). In the summer of 2011, I spoke with a number of scientists at the IRSE who believe fears expressed in the local media about Karazhyra coal, or the Polygon in general, are reflective of a larger problem found in the region, that of psychological trauma rooted in an irrational fear of radiation, or radiophobia.…”

Section: Development Of Semipalatinskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Everyday Radioactive Goods? Economic Development at Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan

Stawkowski¹

2017

J of Asian Stud

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I first heard of “radioactive coal” in the summer of 2012, when I was living in the small village of Koyan, one of many settlements in Eastern Kazakhstan that hosted the Soviet-era Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site. A scandal over the sale of radioactive coal had erupted in the fall of 2011 when local media began reporting on a train from Kazakhstan carrying more than eight thousand tons of it (in 130 wagons) to a heating plant in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. Upon discovering that radioactivity in the shipment was eight times higher than normal, Kyrgyz authorities had it removed from the Bishkek's central heating plant. Rather than discarding it, they put it to use elsewhere, including in the heating stoves of more than one orphanage, a kindergarten, and several rural schools. When media covered this development, public outcry forced Kyrgyz politicians to demand that the coal be returned to Kazakhstan; allegations of corruption and arrests of Kyrgyz officials ensued. Political wrangling over responsibility and refunds meant that negotiations between Kazakh and Kyrgyz authorities took more than a year to complete. Finally, Kazakhstan allowed the coal to be returned.

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Section: Development Of Semipalatinskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development Of Semipalatinskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Everyday Radioactive Goods? Economic Development at Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan

Stawkowski¹

2017

J of Asian Stud

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“…The Balapan region, to the East of the SNTS where Atomic Lake is located, covers an area of about 780 km 2 . According to the reports, it was the site of 105 underground nuclear tests [7]. The Degelen region, middle-South of the SNTS, covers an area of about 300 km 2 .…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination and Quantification of Trace Elements, by ICP_MS, in the River Water of Sarzhal and Akzhar Villages

Yessimbekov¹,

Duyssembaev²,

Iminova³

et al. 2013

JEP

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In the present study, trace elements present in the river waters of Sarzhal and Akzhar region were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The reason for monitoring trace elements at those two locations is to verify water quality. The village of Sarzhal is situated in an area that has been affected by weapon testing and continues to receive inputs of contaminants (including radionuclides). The concentrations of trace elements in the river water of Sarzhal and Akzhar villages were generally found to be within allowable levels. However, the concentrations of Na 251.56 mg/l, Cr 3.26 µg/l, P 64.56 µg/l and Se 18.162 µg/l in the river of Akzhar were found to be higher than the maximum allowable concentrations (MAC). In Sarzhal, the level of Al 6.66 mg/l, Cr 5.04 µg/l and P 13.44 µg/l exceeded the MAC values.

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“…Development in nuclear power generation (Jia et al, 2018), tragedy of Fukushima Daiichi accident (Jia et al, 2017b), and the environmental problems of former nuclear test sites including those in Kazakhstan (Semipalatinsk nuclear test site) (Evseeva et al, 2012) led to the fact that treatment and concentration of liquid low-level radioactive wastes (LLLRW) have received increasing attention all over the world (Liu and Wang, 2013). Because of their large volumes and low levels of radioactive materials, LLLRW should be concentrated and then solidified with cement, glass, asphalt or bitumen (Zakrzewska-Trznadel, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid low-level radioactive wastes treatment by using hydrophobized track-etched membranes

Zdorovets

Yeszhanov

Korolkov

et al. 2020

Progress in Nuclear Energy

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In this paper, we present the results of liquid low-level radioactive wastes (LLLRW) treatment by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) track-etched membranes (TeMs). PET TeMs were modified by styrene and triethoxyvinylsilane (TEVS) using UV-induced grafting. Modification led to increase in the contact angle to 99°of PET TeMs (pore size from 150 to 300 nm). Hydrophobic PET TeMs were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), goniometric analysis, gas permeability test, liquid entry presser (LEP) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Prepared membranes were tested in treatment of LLLRW by DCMD. The influence of pore size on water flux and rejection degree was studied. Rejection degree was evaluated by conductometry and atomic emission methods. Decontamination factors (evaluated by gamma-ray spectroscopy) for 60 Co, 137 Cs, and 241 Am were found to be 85, 1900 and 5 respectively. In most cases degree of rejection of Cs, Mo, Sr, Sb, Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg and Na ions were more than 90% and close to 100%. The use of TeMs with a narrow pores size distribution and without tortuous channels allowed us to achieve better purification from radioactive wastes in comparison with hollow-fiber membranes.

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Estimation of radioactive contamination of soils from the “Balapan” and the “Experimental field” technical areas of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Everyday Radioactive Goods? Economic Development at Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan

Everyday Radioactive Goods? Economic Development at Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan

Determination and Quantification of Trace Elements, by ICP_MS, in the River Water of Sarzhal and Akzhar Villages

Liquid low-level radioactive wastes treatment by using hydrophobized track-etched membranes

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