Estimation of radon emanation factor in Indian building materials

Sahoo, B. K.; Nathwani, Dipen; Eappen, K.P.; Ramachandran, T.V.; Gaware, J.J.; Mayya, Y. S.

doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.04.002

Cited by 111 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Concrete, brick, gypsum, stone, and other structural building materials have long been recognized as a source of radon in residential and other buildings (Ingersoll, 1983;Mustonen, 1984;NCRP, 1987b;Stranden, 1988;Khan et al, 1992;Lee et al, 2001;Sahoo et al, 2007). Given their low emission rates of radon and the potential for entry of radon into occupied areas to be impeded by surface finishes (for example, paint and flooring), most structural building materials have been thought to make a negligible contribution to radon exposures inside a structure (NCRP, 1987a(NCRP, , b, 1993.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing exposure to granite countertops—part 2: Radon

Allen¹,

Minegishi²,

Myatt³

et al. 2009

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Radon gas ( 222 Rn) is a natural constituent of the environment and a risk factor for lung cancer that we are exposed to as a result of radioactive decay of radium ( 226 Ra) in stone and soil. Granite countertops, in particular, have received recent media attention regarding their potential to emit radon. Radon flux was measured on 39 full slabs of granite from 27 different varieties to evaluate the potential for exposure and examine determinants of radon flux. Flux was measured at up to six pre-selected locations on each slab and also at areas identified as potentially enriched after a full-slab scan using a Geiger-Muller detector. Predicted indoor radon concentrations were estimated from the measured radon flux using the CONTAM indoor air quality model. Whole-slab average emissions ranged from less than limit of detection to 79.4 Bq/m 2 /h (median 3.9 Bq/m 2 /h), similar to the range reported in the literature for convenience samples of small granite pieces. Modeled indoor radon concentrations were less than the average outdoor radon concentration (14.8 Bq/m 3 ; 0.4 pCi/l) and average indoor radon concentrations (48 Bq/m 3 ; 1.3 pCi/l) found in the United States. Significant within-slab variability was observed for stones on the higher end of whole slab radon emissions, underscoring the limitations of drawing conclusions from discrete samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing exposure to granite countertops—part 2: Radon

Allen¹,

Minegishi²,

Myatt³

et al. 2009

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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show abstract

“…The alpha counts obtained are processed by a microprocessor unit as per the developed algorithm to display the concentration of radon 14 .The response time of SMART RnDuois about 20 min for 63% of chamber radon concentration and 40 min for 95% of chamber radon concentration. Then by least square fitting method the build-up radon concentration C(t) in Bq/m 3 at time t is assessed inside the chamber and radon mass exhalation rate J m is then obtained by a given equation 15 :…”

Section: Materials and Methods: Mass Exhalation Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Radon and Thoron exhalation rate from soil of historical city Panipat, India

2018

IJCTR

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: Natural radioactivity exists everywhere on the earth and Uranium, thorium and potassium are the main source of radioactivity. Radon is the decay product of radium which depends upon the radioactivity in building materials. Radon exhalation rate from the building material is an important issue. The mass exhalation rate and surface exhalation rate have been estimated by means of SMART RnDuoin surface soil samples collected from the historical city Panipat and its surrounding areas.The mass exhalation rate and surface exhalation rate are varied from 14.82±0.3 to42.80±0.8mBq/kg/hand200.9 ± 61.5 to786.1 ± 116.8 mBq/m 2 /s with average value 31.5 ± 0.8 mBq/kg/h and 467.5 ± 162.6 mBq/m 2 /s, respectively.

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“…222 Rnemanation factor can be determined by the radium content of the material and mass exhalation rate of 222 Rn from the sample of fine grain powder form. [2]Reported 222 Rn emanation factor from several countries had shown that in soil, it varied from 1% to 50%; while that in building materials it varied from 0.2% to 30% [3], [4].The ionizing radiation exposure of human beings from natural sources is a continuing and inescapable feature of life on earth [1].There are two main contributors to natural radiation exposures: high energy cosmic ray particles incident on the earth's atmosphere and radioactive nuclides that originated in the earth's crust. Radon is produced due to the radioactive decay of radium in earth crust.…”

Section: Contribution Of Indoor Radon (mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Correlation Study between Radium Content and Radon Exhalation Rates in Soil Samples along the Coastal Regions of Perumathura and Vizhinjam, Trivandrum District, Kerala

Lekshmi¹

2018

IJRASET

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Abstract:The natural radioactivity due to uranium, Thorium and potassium in soil contributes to the radiation dose received by human beings significantly. There are quite a few identified monazite sand-bearing placer deposits causing environmental high back ground radiation area along its long coastline of Kerala and Tamil Nadu in India. The extent and effects of the radioactivity in the regions like Chavara and Neendakara in Kollam, Kerala is well known. Other coastal regions are assumed to have normal environmental radiation levels. Following a pilot study along the southern west coast of Kerala state, India we found certain regions with higher levels of natural radioactivity and hence made a detailed investigations of activity concentration of 226 Ra, radon exhalation rates and radon emanating factor of those locations namely Perumathura andVizhinjam. The results indicates that most of the soil sample shows higher specific activity of 226 Ra and there is a linear relation to 222 Rn mass exhalation rate .But radon emanation factor is not so linear to the specific activity of Radium in sample analyzed.

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Estimation of radon emanation factor in Indian building materials

Cited by 111 publications

References 3 publications

Assessing exposure to granite countertops—part 2: Radon

Assessing exposure to granite countertops—part 2: Radon

Assessment of Radon and Thoron exhalation rate from soil of historical city Panipat, India

A Correlation Study between Radium Content and Radon Exhalation Rates in Soil Samples along the Coastal Regions of Perumathura and Vizhinjam, Trivandrum District, Kerala

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