Estimation of sex from the anthropometric ear measurements of a Sudanese population

Ahmed, Altayeb Abdalla; Omer, Nosyba

doi:10.1016/j.legalmed.2015.03.002

Cited by 49 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The occurrence and frequencies with respect to these characteristics have been calculated, and population-based characteristics have been compiled to link these characteristics with a community. Some studies have metrically observed the structure of the ear (Ahmed and Omer 2015;Dinkar and Sambyal 2012;Sforza et al 2009;Purkait and Singh 2007;Gibelli et al 2012;Purkait and Singh 2008) such as linear distances, ratios, growth changes in the ear, and bilateral asymmetry of the ear and tried to formulate the population and community characteristics for anthropological and forensic use. Most of these studies have shown that the ear dimensions are metrically variable in individuals and populations, the ear parameters are significantly larger in males than females, and ears show bilateral asymmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of morphological variations of the human ear for its applications in personal identification

Krishan

Kanchan

Thakur

2019

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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Background: External human ear is considered to be a highly variable structure showing different morphological and individualistic features in different individuals and population groups. The uniqueness of the ear may be useful in establishing the identity of individuals by direct examination, during the examination of CCTV footage or analysis of the ear prints. Considering the forensic significance of the human ear and ear prints encountered at the scene of the crime, the present study is an attempt to evaluate various morphological characteristics of the ear in a north Indian population. Methodology: The sample for the present study comprises of 90 males and 87 females aged between 18 and 30 years. All the study participants were from upper reaches of Himachal Pradesh in North India. The morphological characteristics such as overall shape of the ear, size and shape of the tragus, earlobe, shape of the helix, and forms of Darwin's tubercle were studied in the participants. Results: The oval-shaped ear was present among 40% of the males and 44.8% of the females in the study sample. The other types of the ear such as oblique, rectangular, round, and triangular were also found in both sexes. Bilateral asymmetry was observed in the shape of the ear. The shape of the tragus also varied with respect to the left and right sides as well as sexes. The earlobe showed different characteristics in different individuals. In nearly half of the cases in both males and females, the earlobe was found to be attached to the face; in many cases, it was free and in some partially attached. The size and shape of the earlobe also showed variations with respect to sides as well as sexes. The Darwin's tubercle showed a variety of structures in both the left and right sides in both sexes.Conclusion: The present study shows that the individualistic characteristics of the ear can provide very useful information for personal identification in forensic examinations. The shape of the ear and the important structures such as the tragus, helix, earlobe, and Darwin's tubercle show a variety of structures and individuality. The importance and variability of the human ear may encourage the researchers in conducting further studies and solving the forensic cases pertaining to the investigation of CCTV footage and in examination of dead in airplane crashes, intentional mutilation and dismemberment, explosions, or other mass disasters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of morphological variations of the human ear for its applications in personal identification

Krishan

Kanchan

Thakur

2019

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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“…In this study, we chose photogrammetry as the measurement method. Photogrammetry (Alexander & Laubach, 1968; Liu, 2008; Meijerman et al, 2007) is one of three common methods, besides conventional direct measurements (Ahmed & Omer, 2015; Porter & Olson, 2001; Purkait & Singh, 2007; Taura et al, 2013), and 3‐D scanning measurement (Lee et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The key points and key dimensions were selected based on a review of relevant literature (Ahmed & Omer, 2015; Alexander & Laubach, 1968; Bozkir et al, 2006; Jung & Jung, 2003; Lee et al, 2018; Liu, 2008; Meijerman et al, 2007; Porter & Olson, 2001; Purkait & Singh, 2007; Taura et al, 2013) and consultations with a panel of five experts: two ergonomists, two earphone designers, and a person‐identification expert using ear biometrics. Of the eight selected dimensions, two cavum conchae dimensions (cavum conchae height and cavum conchae width) are related to in‐ear products, while the other six auricular dimensions are related to headset products.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of ear anthropometry for young college students in China and its implications for ear‐related product design

Pei-xian¹,

Tsao

Chen³

et al. 2020

Hum Ftrs & Erg Mfg Svc

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Ear anthropometry plays an important role in ear-related product design. However, current Chinese ear anthropometry data do not provide sufficient guidance for product designers targeting young Chinese consumers. In this study, an ear anthropometry survey of 1338 young Chinese college students was conducted using photogrammetry. Eight key dimensions were determined, measured, and statistically analyzed: ear height, ear width, ear length, cavum conchae height, cavum conchae width, ear connection height, ear lobe height, and ear lobe width. Interethnic, intergender, subject-specific, and intrasubject differences were explored and discussed, based on the collected data. In addition, ear shape classification was conducted using principal component analysis to recommend an ear-related product sizing system. The data obtained in this survey can be used as a reference for earrelated product design targeting young Chinese consumers.

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“…Identification of human remains is an essential element of any medico-legal investigation, and it has been a demanding task for forensic experts and physical anthropologists across the globe (Kanchan et al, 2008). This has led to continuous need to explore different body parts and techniques to determine key identity parameters often collectively described as "the Big Four"; race, sex, age, and stature (Scheuer, 2002;Ahmed and Omer, 2015). Therefore, the goal of the present study was to investigate and provide insight in to the role of adj.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adjacent digit fingerprint white line count differences: a pointer to sexual dimorphism for forensic application

Taura

Adamu

Asuku

et al. 2019

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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Background: Sex determination is one of the leading criterion in identification and verification of an individual. However, the potential roles of differences in adjacent fingerprint white line count (FWLC) in sex inference are not well elucidated in the literature especially among Hausa population. The study was conducted to determine sexual dimorphism and predict sex using adjacent digit FWLC difference (adj. DFWLCD) among Hausa population of Kano state, Nigeria. Methods: The study population involved 300 participants. FWLC was determined from a plain fingerprint captured using live scanner. The formula for adj. DFWLCD of thumb and fifth digit is dR15 for right hand. The same applied for possible combination in cephalocaudal direction. Mann-Whitney and t tests were used for comparison of variables between sexes. Binary logistic regression analyses were employed for determination of sex. Results: We observed a significantly larger adj. DFWLCD in males compared with females in most of the digit combination. A significant sexual dimorphism was observed in most of the adj. DFWLCD involving ring digit in both right (dR14, dR24, and dR34) and left (dL14, dL24, and dL34). The best discrimination was observed in adjacent FWLC difference of second and fourth digits in both right and left digits (dR24 and dL24). This was further supported by stepwise logistic regression analyses. Conclusion: The adj. DFWLCD exhibits sexual dimorphism. The best prediction potentials were found to be dR24 and dL24 for right and left hands respectively.

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Estimation of sex from the anthropometric ear measurements of a Sudanese population

Cited by 49 publications

References 31 publications

A study of morphological variations of the human ear for its applications in personal identification

A study of morphological variations of the human ear for its applications in personal identification

Survey of ear anthropometry for young college students in China and its implications for ear‐related product design

Adjacent digit fingerprint white line count differences: a pointer to sexual dimorphism for forensic application

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