Estimation of Shallow Sulphur Deposit Resources Based on Reflection Seismic Studies and Well Logging

Cichostępski, Kamil; Dec, Jerzy

doi:10.3390/en14175323

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Based on the relationship between the type of rock and its seismic velocity [100][101][102][103], as well as the results of geological mapping of the surface in the studied area, is possible to interpret the first 250 m of the profile as a complex consisting of a sandstone-dominated flysch, where areas of low velocity show mudstone strata. This part responds to the deposits of the Central Carpathian Paleogene and the Złatne Unit (I-III) formed from sandstonedominated flysch deposits.…”

Section: Pkb Mélange In the Seismic Image-preliminary Results Of Srt ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mélange, Flysch and Cliffs in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Poland): An Overview

et al. 2022

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The Pieniny Klippen Belt (PKB) is located in the suture zone between the Central and Outer (Flysch) Carpathians. Its structure is an effect of prolonged processes of the Cretaceous–Miocene folding, thrusting and uplifting. In this zone, tectonic components of different ages and features, including strike-slip-bounded tectonic blocks, thrust units, as well as toe-thrusts and olistostromes, result in the present-day mélange characteristics of the PKB, where individual tectonic units are difficult to distinguish. In the PKB, both tectonic and sedimentary events triggered the mélange creation. The name “Klippen Belt” is derived from cliffs (German Klippen). These cliffs form harder, more erosion-resistant elements of the mélange, residing within less competent clastic deposits, sandstones, shales and marls that form flysch complexes. The cliffs often represent olistoliths, which glided down from elevated areas to the deeper basinal zones. Two olistostrome belts were distinguished. The older one resulted from subduction of the southern part of the Alpine Tethys, and the younger originated in response to the northward shift of the accretionary wedge. The other cliffs were placed within the surrounding clastic by tectonic deformational processes. The flower structure of the PKB was formed during the collision and strike-slip movement of the lithospheric plates. This structure is limited on both sides by deep-rooted faults. Several evolutionary stages could be distinguished in these areas. The rift-related stage is expressed by the opening of the Alpine Tethys that contains two major basins—Magura and Pieniny (Złatne) basins, separated by Czorsztyn Ridge. The reorganization of the Alpine Tethys basins and the development of the accretionary prism happened during the synorogenic stage. This process was initiated by the movement of the Central Carpathians. Thick flysch sequences with olistostromes were deposited in these basins. The Czorsztyn Ridge was destroyed during the late orogenic stages.

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Section: Pkb Mélange In the Seismic Image-preliminary Results Of Srt ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mélange, Flysch and Cliffs in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Poland): An Overview

et al. 2022

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“…Amongst seismic methods, the refraction and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) techniques are applied for this purpose [27,28]. As far as we know, there are no recommendations on the use of the high-resolution seismic reflection (HRSR) [29,30] for the inspection of dikes, but this technique seems to be a useful geophysical method for the detection of small unconsolidated zones, due to its high resolution [31][32][33]. Occasionally, other geophysical methods are used, e.g., the microgravimetric technique [34], fast growing capacitively coupled resistivity (CCR) [35][36][37][38] method, very low frequency (VLF) method, radio-magnetotelluric (MT) method, infrared (IR) method, self-potentials (SP) method, and LiDAR technique [39,40].…”

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confidence: 99%

Application of Complex Geophysical Methods for the Detection of Unconsolidated Zones in Flood Dikes

2022

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The flood levees in the vicinity of Krakow city (Poland) are, in some places, over 100 years old. Thereupon, in the flood dike, and its subsoil, can appear unconsolidated zones, which, during the flood stage, can be a simple way of water flow and/or even can be the place where the levee body will be destroyed. This phenomenon took place in Wawrzeńczyce village, near Krakow city, during the flood in 2010. The geophysical research was carried out, in order to develop a methodology of recognition of potential areas where the levee body can be damaged. The geophysical surveys were conducted with the use of electrical and electromagnetic methods, as well as utilizing the seismic method. The general identification of examined media was realized by the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) method. The ERT surveys were supplemented by capacitively-coupled resistivity (CCR) measurements, in order to analyze the usefulness of the CCR method for the examination of river dikes and reduction of interpretation ambiguity. The ground penetrating radar (GPR) method detected small anomalies in the body dike, due to the very high resolution of this method, which were not detected by the ERT and CCR techniques. During GPR surveys, non-standard measurement techniques were applied. Finally, the high-resolution seismic reflection (HRSR) method provided a clear and high-resolution image of the dike structure up to the water table and assisted with the identification of the hazard non-consolidated zones.

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