Estimation of Snow Water Resources in Mountains Based on Snow Surveys and Remote Sensing Analyses-A Case Study around the Joetsu Border of Niigata Prefecture in Japan-

Shimamura, Yuichi; Izumi, Takeki; Matsuyama, Hiroshi

doi:10.3178/jjshwr.18.411

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…To mitigate or minimize the tragedies and losses caused by floods, it is vital to analyze the complete snow melting and flood process [26]. Many models have been developed, including empirical models, conceptual models, physical models, and distributed hydrological models with snowmelt modules [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Water balance is calculated by analyzing evaporation during strong winds, low relative humidity, and low temperatures [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifications to Snow-Melting and Flooding Processes in the Hydrological Model—A Case Study in Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan

Uwamahoro

Nzabarinda

et al. 2021

Atmosphere

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Streamflow impacts water supply and flood protection. Snowmelt floods occur frequently, especially in mountainous areas, and they pose serious threats to natural and socioeconomic systems. The current forecasting method relies on basic snowmelt accumulation and has geographic limitations that restrict the accuracy and timeliness of flood simulation and prediction. In this study, we clarified the precipitation types in two selected catchments by verifying accumulated and maximum temperatures’ influences on snow melting using a separation algorithm of rain and snow that incorporates with the temperatures. The new snow-melting process utilizing the algorithm in the soil and water assessment tool model (SWAT) was also developed by considering the temperatures. The SWAT model was used to simulate flooding and snowmelt in the catchments. We found that the contributions of snowmelt to the river flow were approximately 6% and 7% higher, according to our model compared to the original model, for catchments A and B, respectively. After the model improvement, the flood peaks increased by 49.42% and 43.87% in A and B, respectively. The contributions of snowmelt to stream flow increased by 24.26% and 31% for A and B, respectively. Generally, the modifications improved the model accuracy, the accuracy of snowmelt’s contributions to runoff, the accuracy of predicting flood peaks, the time precision, and the flood frequency simulations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifications to Snow-Melting and Flooding Processes in the Hydrological Model—A Case Study in Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan

Uwamahoro

Nzabarinda

et al. 2021

Atmosphere

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“…Through the analysis of daily flow observations at the Jiangka hydrometric station, it has been concluded that situations with "one day, one peak" and even "one day, multiple peaks" occur due to the melting of mountain snow [22,23]. Many models with snowmelt modules have been developed [24][25][26][27][28][29], including empirical models, conceptual models, physically based models, and distributed hydrological models. Calculation methods range from complex energy balance [30] to degree-day and water balance [31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion of Modified Snow Melting and Flood Processes in the SWAT Model

Duan

Meng

et al. 2018

Water

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Flooding, one of the most serious natural disasters, poses a significant threat to people’s lives and property. At present, the forecasting method uses simple snowmelt accumulation and has certain regional restrictions that limit the accuracy and timeliness of flood simulation and prediction. In this paper, the influence of accumulated temperature (AT) and maximum temperature (MT) on snow melting was considered in order to (1) reclassify the precipitation categories of the watershed using a separation algorithm of rain and snow that incorporates AT and MT, and (2) develop a new snow-melting process utilizing the algorithm in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool Model (SWAT) by considering the effects of AT and MT. The SWAT model was used to simulate snowmelt and flooding in the Tizinafu River Basin (TRB). We found that the modified SWAT model increased the value of the average flood peak flow by 43%, the snowmelt amounts increased by 45%, and the contribution of snowmelt to runoff increased from 44.7% to 54.07%. In comparison, we concluded the snowmelt contribution to runoff, flood peak performance, flood process simulation, model accuracy, and time accuracy. The new method provides a more accurate simulation technique for snowmelt floods and flood simulation.

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“…Moreover, winds cause snow particles to drift on the lower mountain slopes. Optimization of the C sf coefficient in each grid would reflect these phenomena, except that this approach would not detect where the land surface is exposed on mountain peaks or ridges due to strong wind (Shimamura et al, 2005), as the spatial resolution of SPT/VGT is too coarse to resolve such small-scale phenomena. Also note that C sf indicates the relationship of snowfall between each grid and AMeDAS sites, therefore, the snowfall gradient with respect to elevation in Figure 3 is smaller than the spatial average of optimized C sf by the reconstruction approach.…”

Section: Validation Of the Snowfall Reconstruction Approach With Swementioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial snowfall distribution in mountainous areas estimated with a snow model and satellite remote sensing

Asaoka

Kominami

2012

Hydrological Research Letters

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Abstract:We describe an approach for reconstructing snowfall that combines satellite observations of the snow disappearance date (SDD) with a snow model for two mountainous areas in Japan having distinct snow climatology. This approach allows assessment of the distribution of snow and topographical effects on snowfall within a catchment. We also evaluated how the reconstructed snowfall affects the catchment snow hydrology.Validation at observation sites demonstrated that a combination of the snow model and snowfall reconstructions successfully estimated the seasonal changes of snow water equivalent (SWE). In Japan, the dependence of snowfall on elevation is stronger in mountainous areas along the coast on the Sea of Japan side of Japan's central mountain spine (where snowfall triples with every 1000 m increase in elevation; C sf = 0.002 m −1 ) compared with inland locations of the same region (where snowfall doubles with every 1000 m increase; C sf = 0.001 m −1). Moreover, the reconstructed snowfall improved the estimation of maximum catchment SWE. Maximum total SWE, estimated with reconstructed snowfall, was 3.8 × 10 8 m 3 in Kurobe catchment (along the coast on the Sea of Japan side of Japan's central mountain spine), while that, estimated by convectional method with the spatially-constant C sf = 0.001 m −1 , was 2.0 × 10 8 m 3 . As a result, estimations of the snow disappearance date and of the catchment snowmelt were also improved. These results suggest that it is useful to estimate the spatial snow distribution, especially where steep topography causes large gradients of snowfall amount with respect to elevation.

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Estimation of Snow Water Resources in Mountains Based on Snow Surveys and Remote Sensing Analyses-A Case Study around the Joetsu Border of Niigata Prefecture in Japan-

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Modifications to Snow-Melting and Flooding Processes in the Hydrological Model—A Case Study in Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan

Modifications to Snow-Melting and Flooding Processes in the Hydrological Model—A Case Study in Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan

Inclusion of Modified Snow Melting and Flood Processes in the SWAT Model

Spatial snowfall distribution in mountainous areas estimated with a snow model and satellite remote sensing

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