Drought is an event of prolonged water shortages and usually associated with long-standing (months or even years) and devastating impacts on ecosystem, agriculture, and society (Hao et al., 2018;X. He, Estes, et al., 2019;Van Loon, 2015). To better manage these events and alleviate their impacts, it is extremely essential to understand the characteristics of historical drought events well, including their duration, intensity, affected areas, severity, and recovery process. This information is useful for developing proper water resources management policies to tackle challenges that likely occur in future (