Estimation of surface albedo from space: A parameterization for global application

Li, Zhanqing; Garand, Louis

doi:10.1029/94jd00225

Cited by 134 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…For surface albedo changes, the linear relationship with planetary albedo changes, Eq. (4), is supported by the results of radiative transfer models (Chen and Ohring, 1984;Li and Garand, 1994). Under a clear-sky, f a represents the mean effective "two-way" transmittance of the atmosphere:…”

Section: Shortwave Optionsmentioning

confidence: 84%

The radiative forcing potential of different climate geoengineering options

2009

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Abstract. Climate geoengineering proposals seek to rectify the Earth's current and potential future radiative imbalance, either by reducing the absorption of incoming solar (shortwave) radiation, or by removing CO 2 from the atmosphere and transferring it to long-lived reservoirs, thus increasing outgoing longwave radiation. A fundamental criterion for evaluating geoengineering options is their climate cooling effectiveness, which we quantify here in terms of radiative forcing potential. We use a simple analytical approach, based on energy balance considerations and pulse response functions for the decay of CO 2 perturbations. This aids transparency compared to calculations with complex numerical models, but is not intended to be definitive. It allows us to compare the relative effectiveness of a range of proposals. We consider geoengineering options as additional to large reductions in CO 2 emissions. By 2050, some land carbon cycle geoengineering options could be of comparable magnitude to mitigation "wedges", but only stratospheric aerosol injections, albedo enhancement of marine stratocumulus clouds, or sunshades in space have the potential to cool the climate back toward its pre-industrial state. Strong mitigation, combined with global-scale air capture and storage, afforestation, and bio-char production, i.e. enhanced CO 2 sinks, might be able to bring CO 2 back to its pre-industrial level by 2100, thus removing the need for other geoengineering. Alternatively, strong mitigation stabilising CO 2 at 500 ppm, combined with geoengineered increases in the albedo of marine stratiform clouds, grasslands, croplands and human settlements might achieve a patchy cancellation of radiative forcing. Ocean fertilisation options are only worthwhile if susCorrespondence to: T. M. Lenton (t.lenton@uea.ac.uk) tained on a millennial timescale and phosphorus addition may have greater long-term potential than iron or nitrogen fertilisation. Enhancing ocean upwelling or downwelling have trivial effects on any meaningful timescale. Our approach provides a common framework for the evaluation of climate geoengineering proposals, and our results should help inform the prioritisation of further research into them.

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Section: Shortwave Optionsmentioning

confidence: 84%

The radiative forcing potential of different climate geoengineering options

2009

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“…Li and Garand (1994) observed that aerosol effects on surface albedo retrievals are smallest when surface albedo is near 0.5, which is approximately the albedo of the brightest regions of Sahara. Considering also that the AVHRR solar channel radiances used for CLARA-A1-SAL have been recalibrated using the MODIS radiance record, we can explain why MOD43C3 and CLARA-A1-SAL agree very well over high-reflectance deserts; differences in atmospheric correction inputs have minimal effect, and the underlying radiance data records are linked.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Dataset With Mcd43c3 Productsmentioning

confidence: 98%

CLARA-SAL: a global 28 yr timeseries of Earth's black-sky surface albedo

et al. 2013

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We present a novel 28 yr dataset of Earth's black-sky surface albedo, derived from AVHRR instruments. The dataset is created using algorithms to separately derive the surface albedo for different land use areas globally. Snow, sea ice, open water and vegetation are all treated independently. The product features corrections for the atmospheric effect in satellite-observed surface radiances, a BRDF correction for the anisotropic reflectance properties of natural surfaces, and a novel topography correction of geolocation and radiometric accuracy of surface reflectance observations over mountainous areas. The dataset is based on a homogenized AVHRR radiance timeseries. The product is validated against quality-controlled in situ observations of clear-sky surface albedo at various BSRN sites around the world. Snow and ice albedo retrieval validation is given particular attention using BSRN sites over Antarctica, Greenland Climate Network stations on the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), as well as sea ice albedo data from the SHEBA and Tara expeditions. The product quality is found to be comparable to other previous long-term surface albedo datasets from AVHRR

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“…Equations (2)-(4) are adopted from Li and Garand (1994). Note that the diurnal variation of SW CRF not only includes the effect of varying SZA, but also the diurnal changes in DCCs.…”

Section: H Yan Et Al: Long-term Aerosol-mediated Changes In Cloud Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term aerosol-mediated changes in cloud radiative forcing of deep clouds at the top and bottom of the atmosphere over the Southern Great Plains

Yan

Huang

et al. 2014

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Aerosols can alter the macro-and micro-physical properties of deep convective clouds (DCCs) and their radiative forcing (CRF). This study presents what is arguably the first long-term estimate of the aerosol-mediated changes in CRF (AMCRF) for deep cloud systems derived from decade-long continuous ground-based and satellite observations, model simulations, and reanalysis data. Measurements were made at the US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program's Southern Great Plains (SGP) site. Satellite retrievals are from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite. Increases in aerosol loading were accompanied by the thickening of DCC cores and the expansion and thinning of anvils, due presumably to the aerosol invigoration effect (AIV) and the aerosol microphysical effect. Meteorological variables dictating these cloud processes were investigated. Consistent with previous findings, the AIV is most significant when the atmosphere is moist and unstable with weak wind shear. Such aerosol-mediated systematic changes in DCC core thickness and anvil size alter CRF at the top of atmosphere (TOA) and at the surface. Using extensive observations, ∼ 300 DCC systems were identified over a 10 years period at the SGP site (2000-2011) and analyzed. Daily mean AMCRF at the TOA and at the surface are 29.3 W m −2 and 22.2 W m −2 , respectively. This net warming effect due to changes in DCC microphysics offsets the cooling resulting from the first aerosol indirect effect.

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Estimation of surface albedo from space: A parameterization for global application

Cited by 134 publications

References 65 publications

The radiative forcing potential of different climate geoengineering options

The radiative forcing potential of different climate geoengineering options

CLARA-SAL: a global 28 yr timeseries of Earth's black-sky surface albedo

Long-term aerosol-mediated changes in cloud radiative forcing of deep clouds at the top and bottom of the atmosphere over the Southern Great Plains

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