Estimation of the biserial correlation and its sampling variance for use in meta‐analysis

Jacobs, Perke; Viechtbauer, Wolfgang

doi:10.1002/jrsm.1218

Cited by 31 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The point biserial correlation and phi correlation coefficients obtained by converting from artificially dichotomized data are not comparable with Pearson’s product moment correlations, and should not be combined in the same meta‐analyses 44 . Another index, the biserial correlation coefficient, estimates the underlying continuous relationship between a continuous variable and an artificially dichotomized one, and can be synthesized with the Pearson's product moment correlation for the purposes of meta‐analysis 44 . The point biserial correlation calculated from artificially dichotomized data is always less than 80% of the biserial correlation 47 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The point biserial correlation explores the relationship between a continuous and a dichotomous variable 44 . This correlation may be encountered when studies dichotomize DUP into long/short, or if DUP remains continuous and the outcome is either naturally dichotomous (completed suicide) or artificially dichotomous (high/low symptom scores).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When utilizing common formulae for converting chi squared statistics into correlations, it is the phi correlation which is obtained 46 . The point biserial correlation and phi correlation coefficients obtained by converting from artificially dichotomized data are not comparable with Pearson’s product moment correlations, and should not be combined in the same meta‐analyses 44 . Another index, the biserial correlation coefficient, estimates the underlying continuous relationship between a continuous variable and an artificially dichotomized one, and can be synthesized with the Pearson's product moment correlation for the purposes of meta‐analysis 44 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The clinical significance of duration of untreated psychosis: an umbrella review and random‐effects meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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The idea that a longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) leads to poorer outcomes has contributed to extensive changes in mental health services worldwide and has attracted considerable research interest over the past 30 years. However, the strength of the evidence underlying this notion is unclear. To address this issue, we conducted an umbrella review of available meta‐analyses and performed a random‐effects meta‐analysis of primary studies. MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO and EMBASE were searched from inception to September 3, 2020 to identify relevant meta‐analyses of studies including patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, first‐episode psychosis, or affective and non‐affective psychosis. Thirteen meta‐analyses were included, corresponding to 129 individual studies with a total sample size of 25,657 patients. We detected potential violations of statistical assumptions in some of these meta‐analyses. We therefore conducted a new random‐effects meta‐analysis of primary studies. The association between DUP and each outcome was graded according to a standardized classification into convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak, or non‐significant. At first presentation, there was suggestive evidence for a relationship between longer DUP and more severe negative symptoms (beta=–0.07, p=3.6×10–5) and higher chance of previous self‐harm (odds ratio, OR=1.89, p=1.1×10–5). At follow‐up, there was highly suggestive evidence for a relationship between longer DUP and more severe positive symptoms (beta=–0.16, p=4.5×10–8), more severe negative symptoms (beta=–0.11, p=3.5×10–10) and lower chance of remission (OR=2.16, p=3.0×10–10), and suggestive evidence for a relationship between longer DUP and poorer overall functioning (beta=–0.11, p=2.2×10–6) and more severe global psychopathology (beta=–0.16, p=4.7×10–6). Results were unchanged when analysis was restricted to prospective studies. These effect sizes are clinically meaningful, with a DUP of four weeks predicting >20% more severe symptoms at follow‐up relative to a DUP of one week. We conclude that DUP is an important prognostic factor at first presentation and predicts clinically relevant outcomes over the course of illness. We discuss conceptual issues in DUP research and methodological limitations of current evidence, and provide recommendations for future research.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The clinical significance of duration of untreated psychosis: an umbrella review and random‐effects meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Three out of five included studies poorly reported their statistical parameters, and thus, we decided to estimate the means from the provided figures and standard deviations for means of outcome value by using the coefficient of variance (CV) (Jacobs and Viechtbauer, 2017). After excluding studies with imputed standard deviations for all different outcome parameters, the estimates were reasonably robust for standard deviation imputation.…”

Section: Data Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Sports Drinks During High-Intensity Exercise on the Carbohydrate Oxidation Rate Among Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang

Guo

et al. 2020

Front. Physiol.

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Background: This study examines the effects of sports drinks ingestion during high-intensity exercise for carbohydrate oxidation rate (CHO-O) among athletes.Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were searched for available papers published up to November 2019. The primary outcome is the carbohydrate oxidation rate (CHO-O), and the secondary outcome is the fat oxidation rate (Fat-O). Statistical heterogeneity among the included studies was evaluated using Cochran's Q test and the I2 index. The random-effects model was used for all analyses, regardless of the I2 index.Results: Five studies are included, with a total of 58 participants (range, 8–14/study). All five studies are randomized crossover trials. Compared to the control beverages, sports drinks have no impact on the CHO-O of athletes [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.29; 95% CI, −0.06 to 0.65, P = 0.106; I2 = 97.4%, P < 0.001] and on the Fat-O of athletes (WMD = −0.074; 95% CI, −0.19 to 0.06, P = 0.297; I2 = 97.5%, P < 0.001). Carbohydrate–electrolyte solutions increase CHO-O (WMD = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.08–0.87, P = 0.020; I2 = 97.8%, P < 0.001) but not Fat-O (WMD = −0.14; 95% CI, −0.31 to 0.03, P = 0.103; I2 = 98.2%, P < 0.001). Caffeine has a borderline effect on Fat-O (WMD = 0.05; 95% CI, 0.00–0.10, P = 0.050).Conclusions: Compared with the control beverages, sports drinks show no significant improvement in CHO-O and Fat-O in athletes. Carbohydrate–electrolyte solutions increase CHO-O in athletes but not Fat-O.

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“…This paragraph introduces the syntax and usage of VARA function in Microsoft Excel. VARA function calculates the variance of the given sample, using method as follows [6] if the parameters that contain text or FALSE are evaluated as 0 (zero). 5. if the parameter is an array or reference, only ues the value of parameter.…”

Section: Vara Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Mathematical Statistics Analysis Algorithm for Chemical Data

Shen¹

2017

IJMSA

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In this paper, chemical process data is analyzed by variance, the least square algorithm and then comparing the original data and processed data in excel. Through the comparing result, processed data is easier for operators to observe and find out rules and hidden problems in chemical conditions. According to the two algorithms, experienced operators can adjust chemical conditions to be normal. So they are better ways to optimize chemical conditions, as a result, the data analysis algorithm make a contribution to chemical industry.

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Estimation of the biserial correlation and its sampling variance for use in meta‐analysis

Cited by 31 publications

References 57 publications

The clinical significance of duration of untreated psychosis: an umbrella review and random‐effects meta‐analysis

The clinical significance of duration of untreated psychosis: an umbrella review and random‐effects meta‐analysis

The Effects of Sports Drinks During High-Intensity Exercise on the Carbohydrate Oxidation Rate Among Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Application of Mathematical Statistics Analysis Algorithm for Chemical Data

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