Estimation of the energy of the electron-photon component of cosmic rays on the basis of data for Cherenkov light from ultrahigh-energy extensive air showers

Кнуренко, С. П.; Иванов, А. А.; Sleptsov, I. E.; Sabourov, A. V.

doi:10.1134/s0021364006110014

Cited by 49 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The reason for such differences are likely related to the method of energy estimation made at the array. For example, the estimate of the energy of air showers obtained by the registration of energy loss by charged particles in the ionization of the atmosphere, in arrays TA, HiRes and the Yakutsk Small Cherenkov array, are within 5% with each other [5], which causes such a nice agreement of spectra.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Spectrum With Other Arrays Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Evaluation of the shower energy was determined using the method and the experimental data presented in [5,10]. Table 2 shows the results of the partial energies measured by the array for each of the components of EAS.…”

Section: Energy Of the Shower Estimation Energy Balance Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It allowed us to determine shower energies [5] using a quasi calorimetric method, to reconstruct air shower cascade development [6], to plot the spectrum and estimate the mass composition of CR [7]. Figure 1 shows the Small Cherenkov array.…”

Section: Current Status Of Small Cherenkov Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra-high energy cosmic rays: 40 years retrospective of continuous observations at the Yakutsk array: Part 1. Cosmic ray spectrum in the energy range 10¹⁵–10¹⁸ eV and its interpretation

Кнуренко

Petrov

Петров

et al. 2015

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The experimental data on the cosmic ray energy spectrum obtained from the Small Cherenkov Array in Yakutsk on the measurement of Cherenkov radiation in showers with energy 10 15 -10 18 eV are discussed. The data were obtained by means of continuous array operation since 1994. The all particle spectrum in this energy region was found to have a complex shape and cannot be described by a simple exponential function with a single slope indicator, g. After the first kink at energy 3 · 10 15 eV (knee), the spectrum becomes steeper at γ = 0.4 up to energy < 2 · 10 16 eV, then part of the spectrum becomes flat to >8 ·10 16 eV, the slope of the spectrum is 2.92 ± 0.03 and then again changes slope by γ = 0.32 ± 0.05 from about ∼2·10 17 eV. The second kink in the spectrum observed at the Yakutsk EAS array at ∼2·10 17 eV, or also called second knee, is a significant result for space astrophysics of ultra-high cosmic rays. In this paper we discuss possible scenarios for spectrum formation of cosmic rays by galactic sources to energies < 10 17 eV, mainly supernovae remnants (SNR) and Metagalactic origins in the energy range 10 17 -10 18 eV. Most likely, that measurement of the second knee is related with the transitional region, galactic to extragalactic origin of cosmic rays.

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Section: Comparison Of the Spectrum With Other Arrays Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Energy Of the Shower Estimation Energy Balance Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra-high energy cosmic rays: 40 years retrospective of continuous observations at the Yakutsk array: Part 1. Cosmic ray spectrum in the energy range 10¹⁵–10¹⁸ eV and its interpretation

Кнуренко

Petrov

Петров

et al. 2015

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…Longitudinal development of EAS in the energy range 10 15 -10 20 eV Igor Petrov affect the quality of measurements of the integral and differential flux of Cherenkov light [11], and therefore the energy estimate [12] and the restoration of the cascade curve of the EAS. …”

Section: Pos(icrc2017)331mentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal development of EAS in the energy range $10^{15} - 10^{20}$ eV by observation in the period of 1994-2014 at the Yakutsk

Кнуренко¹,

Petrov²,

Петров³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017)

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The paper presents air shower data with Cherenkov radiation for the period 1994-2014. The energy interval 10 15 -10 20 eV and zenith angle θ = 0 • -55 • was considered. Dependence of average depth of maximum development of air showers on air shower energy are found. Fluctuation of X max are determined. Comparison of the experimental data with the calculations based on the QGSjetII-04 model for the primary proton and iron nuclei is presented. Mass composition of primary cosmic rays in the wide range of energies are made by interpolation.

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“…Other important traits of the array are its model-independent technique of energy estimation of extensive air showers (EAS) and the ability to track longitudinal EAS development by detecting the Cherenkov light emission. Factors mentioned above enable adopting the unique method, combining the studies of CR spectrum and mass composition aimed at exploration of astrophysical aspect of cosmic rays [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays in the energy range 10¹⁵–10¹⁸eV derived from the Yakutsk array data

Кнуренко

Sabourov

2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract.A spectrum of cosmic rays within energy range 10 15 − 3 × 10 17 eV was derived from the data of the small Cherenkov setup, which is a part of the Yakutsk complex EAS array. In this, work a new series of observation is covered. These observations lasted from 2000 till 2010 and resulted in increased number of registered events within interval 10 16 -10 18 eV, which in turn made it possible to reproduce cosmic ray spectrum in this energy domain with better precision. A sign of a thin structure is observed in the shape of the spectrum. It could be related to the escape of heavy nuclei from our Galaxy. Cosmic ray mass composition was obtained for the energy region 10 16 -10 18 eV. A joint analysis of spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays was performed. Obtained results are considered in the context of theoretical computations that were performed with the use of hypothesis of galactic and meta-galactic origin of cosmic rays.

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Estimation of the energy of the electron-photon component of cosmic rays on the basis of data for Cherenkov light from ultrahigh-energy extensive air showers

Cited by 49 publications

References 8 publications

Ultra-high energy cosmic rays: 40 years retrospective of continuous observations at the Yakutsk array: Part 1. Cosmic ray spectrum in the energy range 10¹⁵–10¹⁸ eV and its interpretation

Ultra-high energy cosmic rays: 40 years retrospective of continuous observations at the Yakutsk array: Part 1. Cosmic ray spectrum in the energy range 10¹⁵–10¹⁸ eV and its interpretation

Longitudinal development of EAS in the energy range $10^{15} - 10^{20}$ eV by observation in the period of 1994-2014 at the Yakutsk

Spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays in the energy range 10¹⁵–10¹⁸eV derived from the Yakutsk array data

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Estimation of the energy of the electron-photon component of cosmic rays on the basis of data for Cherenkov light from ultrahigh-energy extensive air showers

Cited by 49 publications

References 8 publications

Ultra-high energy cosmic rays: 40 years retrospective of continuous observations at the Yakutsk array: Part 1. Cosmic ray spectrum in the energy range 1015–1018 eV and its interpretation

Ultra-high energy cosmic rays: 40 years retrospective of continuous observations at the Yakutsk array: Part 1. Cosmic ray spectrum in the energy range 1015–1018 eV and its interpretation

Longitudinal development of EAS in the energy range $10^{15} - 10^{20}$ eV by observation in the period of 1994-2014 at the Yakutsk

Spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays in the energy range 1015–1018eV derived from the Yakutsk array data

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Ultra-high energy cosmic rays: 40 years retrospective of continuous observations at the Yakutsk array: Part 1. Cosmic ray spectrum in the energy range 10¹⁵–10¹⁸ eV and its interpretation

Ultra-high energy cosmic rays: 40 years retrospective of continuous observations at the Yakutsk array: Part 1. Cosmic ray spectrum in the energy range 10¹⁵–10¹⁸ eV and its interpretation

Spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays in the energy range 10¹⁵–10¹⁸eV derived from the Yakutsk array data