Estimation of the Foliar Area by Non-Destructive Methods in Two Stages of Growth of Pepper Plants (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) Hybrid Salvador

Abstract

The present work was aimed to obtain a model for the determination of the leaf area in function of the length and width of the leaves in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) hybrid Salvador. The research was carried out in nursery conditions at the Experimental Campus La Teodomira, located in the parish of Lodana, Santa Ana, province of Manabí, Ecuador, in 2016, in the stages of initiation of flowering and flowering-fructification. In each phase 100 physiologically mature leaves of different sizes were collected. Leaves were digitalized in a rectangle with known dimensions, which allowed the area to be calculated through the percentage of pixels of different colors. From the determination of the length and maximum width of each leaf and the estimated area through the digitization process, the regression models were obtained, selecting the better fit generated between the leaf area and the product of the length by the maximum width of the leaf (  ( ) = leaf area length * width f ). In the initiation of flowering stage the quadratic model generated the best coefficient of determination (R 2 = 0.958), whereas in the flowering-fructification stage the best coefficient of determination was achieved by the cubic model (R 2 = 0.955).The practical applicability of other simpler models among the tested ones, which show a high accuracy and sacrifice a low percentage of error, is discussed.

Analysis of Cultivar-Specific Variability in Size-Related Leaf Traits and Modeling of Single Leaf Area in Three Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Ocimum basilicum L., Mentha Spp., and Salvia Spp.

“…In particular, the leaf shape ratio is of particular importance in horticultural sciences as it is regulated by several genetic factors and mutations [27], whose diversity can be analyzed in functional [28] and evolutionary terms [29].Thus far, numerous models have been proposed and applied with respect to both leaf (e.g., [20,30,31]) and shoot level [31-41] morphology of several fruit, vegetable, ornamental, medicinal, and aromatic crops [42]. Currently, LA models for aromatic and medicinal plants comprise several species such as basil, winter red Bergenia, or purple bergenia, calamint, coffee, cherry laurel, bush-willows, jimson weed, wild cucumber, horse-eye bean, lemon balm, peppermint, oleander, mountain mint, opium poppy, ground-cherry, or winter cherry, picrorhiza or kutka, saffron, sugar leaf, snowbell, summer snowflake, tea, common nettle, orange mullein [42], valeriana [43], and pepper plants [44].The world production of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) is expected to rise up to 5 trillion US$ by 2050 [45]. Thanks to their aromatic oils [45] and other phytochemical constituents MAPs are used (a) to deter herbivores, pathogens, and parasites, (b) as culinary herbs and spices (e.g., thyme, laurel, and basil), (c) to produce scent and (d) as ornamentals (e.g., Eucalyptus spp., Lavandula spp., and Cistus spp.).…”

“…Thus far, numerous models have been proposed and applied with respect to both leaf (e.g., [20,30,31]) and shoot level [31-41] morphology of several fruit, vegetable, ornamental, medicinal, and aromatic crops [42]. Currently, LA models for aromatic and medicinal plants comprise several species such as basil, winter red Bergenia, or purple bergenia, calamint, coffee, cherry laurel, bush-willows, jimson weed, wild cucumber, horse-eye bean, lemon balm, peppermint, oleander, mountain mint, opium poppy, ground-cherry, or winter cherry, picrorhiza or kutka, saffron, sugar leaf, snowbell, summer snowflake, tea, common nettle, orange mullein [42], valeriana [43], and pepper plants [44].…”

Functional genomics analysis of a phyllospheric Pseudomonas spp with potential for biological control against coffee rust

“…Twenty-five uL of MN1F, uredospores, saline and supernatant were applied to the abaxial part of the discs that were incubated in the dark for 24 h. After this period, the plates were left incubated in 12 h of photoperiod, 500–1000 lx, 22 ± 2 °C, and approximately 100% relative humidity. Thirty days later, the severity of the lesions (measured by the percentage of injured area) was evaluated using images of leaves digitized by a digital camera and estimated using Téllez et al, approach [ 48 ]. The experimental design was randomized blocks ( n = 3), each replicate consisting of three leaves.…”