Estimation of the Natural Background of Ozone Present at Surface Rural Locations

Altshuller, A. P.

doi:10.1080/08940630.1987.10466335

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Several techniques can be used to estimate background concentrations. These techniques cannot necessarily assure results identical with any definition of background O 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, background concentrations have implications with respect to the feasible National Ambient Air Quality Standards for O 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, the associations between O 3 concentrations and photochemically generated reactive oxidized nitrogen species are used to estimate an intercept value in regression analysis which provided O 3 values compatible with the use of air quality measurements to estimate background O 3 . The use of air quality measurements has the advantage of providing background ranges for specific averaging times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Background Ozone in the Planetary Boundary Layer Over the United States

Altshuller

Lefohn²

1996

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…Several techniques can be used to estimate background concentrations. These techniques cannot necessarily assure results identical with any definition of background O 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, background concentrations have implications with respect to the feasible National Ambient Air Quality Standards for O 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Background Ozone in the Planetary Boundary Layer Over the United States

Altshuller

Lefohn²

1996

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…The term background is often used in atmospheric science to describe mixing ratios at clean, remote sites (Altshuller, 1987;Altshuller and Lefohn, 1996;Lin et al, 2000;Lefohn et al, 2001;Jaffe et al, 2003;Vingarzan, 2004;Oltmans et al, 2008). However, for relatively well-mixed secondary pollutants such as ozone, all sites in the northern hemisphere are influenced in some way and at some time by anthropogenic emissions, which makes the use of this term ambiguous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baseline levels and trends of ground level ozone in Canada and the United States

Chan

Vet

2010

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract.A statistical method was developed to extract baseline levels of ground level ozone in Canada and the US, and to quantify the temporal changes of baseline ozone levels on annual, seasonal, diurnal and decadal scales for the period 1997 to 2006 based on ground-level observations from 97 non-urban monitoring sites. Baseline ozone is defined here as ozone measured at a given site in the absence of strong local influences. The quantification of baseline levels involved using a Principal Component Analyses (PCA) to derive groups of commonly-varying sites in contiguous regions by season, followed by using backward air parcel trajectories to systematically select ozone mixing ratios associated with the baseline condition in each of the PCA-derived regions. Decadal trends were estimated by season for each of the regions using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM).Baseline ozone mixing ratios determined by this method were found to vary geographically and seasonally. For the 1997-2006 period, baseline mixing ratios were calculated for annual and seasonal periods in seven regions of North America based on multi-site multi-year averages of the baseline data sets. The annual average (±1 standard deviation) baseline mixing ratios for the regions are as follows: Continental Eastern Canada=30±9 ppb, Continental Eastern US=30±10 ppb, Coastal Eastern Canada=27±9 ppb, Coastal Western Canada=19±10 ppb; Coastal Western US=39±10 ppb, Continental Western Canada=28±10 ppb and Continental Western US=46±7 ppb. Trends in the baseline mixing ratios were also found to vary by season and by geographical region. On a decadal scale, increasing baseline ozone trends (temperature-adjusted) were observed in all seasons along the Pacific coasts of Canada and the US, although the trends in California were not statistically significant. In the coastal zone of Pacific Canada, positive trends Correspondence to: E. Chan (elton.chan@ec.gc.ca) were found with a rate of increase of 0.28±0.26, 0.72±0.55, and 0.93±0.41 ppb/a in spring (MAM), summer (JJA) and winter (DJF), respectively. In the Atlantic coastal region, the trends were also positive in 3 of the 4 seasons (but only significantly so in MAM). In the high ozone precursor emission areas of the Eastern United States, decadal trends in baseline ozone are, in general, negative in the spring, summer and fall and appear to be controlled by the strong within-region changes induced by decreasing ozone precursor emissions.

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“…Interest in the pollutant ozone (O 3 ) and in its toxic effects on living organisms has increased in the last decades as a result of the increase in its ground-level concentration (Altshuller 1987). The damaging effects of O 3 are observed in both animal and plant tissues, representing a potential threat to urban populations and also to crop production and the survival of native species in fragile natural ecosystems (Blomberg et al 1999;Biswas et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone exposure differentially affects oxidative stress parameters in distinctPhaseolus vulgarisL. varieties

Caregnato¹,

Clebsch

Rocha³

et al. 2010

Journal of Plant Interactions

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Different oxidative stress parameters of four Brazilian varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris exposed to toxic O 3 concentrations were compared with the well-established bioindicator variety Pinto 111. Analysis of catalase (CAT) activity, lipoperoxidation and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels demonstrated that the varieties presented different susceptibilities to O 3 toxicity. Results indicated that Fepagro 26 and Guapo Brilhante increased the levels of lipoperoxidation in response to O 3 while catalase activity was not changed. On the opposite Iraı, Macotac¸o and Pinto 111 presented different pattern of lipoperoxidation and CAT activation indicating a relationship between CAT activation and resistance to lipoperoxidation. Analysis of the total non-enzymatic antioxidant defense levels demonstrated that although O 3 exposure decreased the non-enzymatic antioxidant defense in Iraı, lipoperoxidation levels was not enhanced in this variety as observed with Fepagro 26. Our results suggest that analysis of the oxidative stress parameters of varieties with known variations of susceptibility to O 3 may provide more precise protocols for early detection of O 3 toxicity.

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Estimation of the Natural Background of Ozone Present at Surface Rural Locations

Cited by 14 publications

References 49 publications

Background Ozone in the Planetary Boundary Layer Over the United States

Background Ozone in the Planetary Boundary Layer Over the United States

Baseline levels and trends of ground level ozone in Canada and the United States

Ozone exposure differentially affects oxidative stress parameters in distinctPhaseolus vulgarisL. varieties

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