Estimation of thermal sensation using PMV and SET under high air movement conditions

Tanabe, Shin‐ichi; Hasebe, Yae; Kimura, Ken; Haga, Yoichi

doi:10.1016/0306-4565(93)90090-g

“…Having the ability to increase the air speed in a room in a controlled manner provides many advantages. It increases the heat transfer from occupants to the environment by convection and evaporation, allowing them to remain comfortable in warmer conditions [1][2][3]. Many laboratory studies show that air movement provides comfort in warmer conditions [4][5][6][7] even at 30°C and 80% RH [8] and this is accepted in existing thermal comfort standards (e.g.…”

Section: Benefits Of Air Movement In Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceiling fans: Predicting indoor air speeds based on full scale laboratory measurements

Raftery

¹

,

Fizer²,

Chen

³

et al. 2019

Building and Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We measured indoor air speeds generated by ceiling fans in 78 full-scale laboratory tests. The factors were the room size, fan diameter, type, speed, direction (up or down), blade height, and mount distance (i.e. blade to ceiling height). We demonstrated the influence o f t hese f actors, s howing t hat t he m ost s ignificant ar e speed, diameter and direction. With other factors fixed, t he average r oom a ir s peed i n t he o ccupied z one increases proportionally with fan air speed and diameter. Blowing fans upwards yields lower but far more uniform air speeds than downwards. We show that for the same fan diameter and airflow, f an type h as l ittle effect on the air speed distribution in the region outside the fan blades. We developed several new dimensionless representations and demonstrate that they are appropriate for comparisons over a wide range of fan and room characteristics. Dimensionless linear models predict the lowest, average, and highest air speeds in a room with a median (and 90 th percentile) absolute error of 0.03 (0.08), 0.05 (0.13), and 0.12 (0.26) m/s respectively over all 56 downwards tests, representing common applications. These models allow designers to quickly and easily estimate the air speeds they can expect for a given fan and room. We include all measured data and analysis code in this paper. Highlights:• Measured air speed distribution in 78 full-scale laboratory tests • Average air speeds increase in direct proportion to fan rotational speed and diameter • Blowing fans upwards yields lower but more uniform air speeds than downwards • At equal diameter and airflow, fan type doesn't affect air speeds in most of the room • Developed easily applied models to predict indoor air speeds with ceiling fans Graphical Abstract 2

show abstract

“…Among all potential strategies, an affordable, effective, scalable, and market‐ready solution is to increase air movement in built environments with fans in both indoor and outdoor areas (Jay et al., 2019). Subjective thermal discomfort under a high‐temperature environment can be offset by an elevated air speed due to the fan‐generated cooling effect (Arens et al., 1998; Schiavon & Melikov, 2009; Tanabe et al., 1993). The increased air movement is perceived as pleasant and is aligned with the physiological principle of alliesthesia (Cabanac, 1971; Parkinson & de Dear, 2015).…”

Section: Multidisciplinary Solutions To Address Urban Overheatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Assessment of Urban Overheating Impacts on Human Life

Nazarian

¹

,

Krayenhoff

²

,

Bechtel

³

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Urban overheating, driven by global climate change and urban development, is a major contemporary challenge that substantially impacts urban livability and sustainability. Overheating represents a multifaceted threat to the well‐being, performance, and health of individuals as well as the energy efficiency and economy of cities, and it is influenced by complex interactions between building, city, and global scale climates. In recent decades, extensive discipline‐specific research has characterized urban heat and assessed its implications on human life, including ongoing efforts to bridge neighboring disciplines. The research horizon now encompasses complex problems involving a wide range of disciplines, and therefore comprehensive and integrated assessments are needed that address such interdisciplinarity. Here, our objective is to go beyond a review of existing literature and instead provide a broad overview and integrated assessments of urban overheating, defining holistic pathways for addressing the impacts on human life. We (a) detail the characterization of heat hazards and exposure across different scales and in various disciplines, (b) identify individual sensitivities to urban overheating that increase vulnerability and cause adverse impacts in different populations, (c) elaborate on adaptive capacities that individuals and cities can adopt, (d) document the impacts of urban overheating on health and energy, and (e) discuss frontiers of theoretical and applied urban climatology, built environment design, and governance toward reduction of heat exposure and vulnerability at various scales. The most critical challenges in future research and application are identified, targeting both the gaps and the need for greater integration in overheating assessments.

show abstract

“…Among all potential strategies, an affordable, effective, scalable, and market-ready solution is to increase air movement in built environments with fans in both indoor and outdoor areas (Jay et al, 2019). Subjective thermal discomfort under a high-temperature environment can be offset by an elevated air speed due to the fan-generated cooling effect (Arens et al, 1998;Schiavon & Melikov, 2009;Tanabe et al, 1993). The increased air movement is perceived as pleasant and is aligned with the physiological principle of alliesthesia (Cabanac, 1971;Parkinson & de Dear, 2015).…”

Section: Indoor Thermal Environment and Innovative Cooling Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Assessment of Urban Overheating Impacts on Human Life

Nazarian

¹

,

Krayenhoff

²

,

Bechtel

³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Urban overheating, driven by global climate change and urban development, is a major contemporary challenge that substantially impacts urban livability and sustainability. Overheating represents a multifaceted threat to the well-being, performance, and health of individuals as well as the energy efficiency and economy of cities, and it is influenced by complex interactions between building, city, and global scale climates. In recent decades, extensive discipline-specific research has characterized urban heat and assessed its implications on human life, including ongoing efforts to bridge neighboring disciplines. The research horizon now encompasses complex problems involving a wide range of disciplines, and therefore comprehensive and integrated assessments are needed that address such interdisciplinarity. Here, our objective is to go beyond a review of existing literature and instead provide a broad overview and integrated assessments of urban overheating, defining holistic pathways for addressing the impacts on human life. We (a) detail the characterization of heat hazards and exposure across different scales and in various disciplines, (b) identify individual sensitivities to urban overheating that increase vulnerability and cause adverse impacts in different populations, (c) elaborate on adaptive capacities that individuals and cities can adopt, (d) document the impacts of urban overheating on health and energy, and (e) discuss frontiers of theoretical and applied urban climatology, built environment design, and governance toward reduction of heat exposure and vulnerability at various scales. The most critical challenges in future research and application are identified, targeting both the gaps and the need for greater integration in overheating assessments.Plain Language Summary Many major cities are faced with the compounding effects of climate change and rapid urbanization. One of the main challenges that result is urban overheating, which leads to negative impacts on human life (deteriorating health, productivity, and well-being) and urban energy systems. Heat exposure in cities, however, is only the trigger and there are other factors that influence impacts. Urban heat vulnerability exists when sensitive people and infrastructure are exposed to extreme heat, and negative impacts ensue if there is a lack of capacity to respond and adapt. Accordingly, to combat overheating challenges, it is critical that multidisciplinary solutions are integrated to mitigate exposure, reduce sensitivity, and increase adaptive capacities. This paper provides an integrated assessment of urban overheating literature, defining pathways for addressing the impacts on human life. We review the state-of-the-art methods used to quantify heat hazards and exposure, detail the sensitivity of people and infrastructure to overheating, and elaborate on the adaptive capacities that individuals and cities can undertake in response. We provide recommendations for both researchers and policymakers that will minimize overheating impacts. Thes...

show abstract

Estimation of thermal sensation using PMV and SET under high air movement conditions

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Ceiling fans: Predicting indoor air speeds based on full scale laboratory measurements

Ceiling fans: Predicting indoor air speeds based on full scale laboratory measurements

Integrated Assessment of Urban Overheating Impacts on Human Life

Integrated Assessment of Urban Overheating Impacts on Human Life

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About