Estradiol Upregulates the Expression of the TGF-β Receptors ALK5 and BMPR2 during the Gonadal Development of Schizothorax prenanti

Abstract

TGF-β receptors play important roles in mediating TGF-β signals during gonadal development. To identify the functions of TGF-β receptors, including the type I receptor (activin receptor-like kinase 5, ALK5) and type II receptor (bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2, BMPR2), during the gonadal development of S. prenanti, the full-length cDNA sequences of ALK5 and BMPR2 were isolated and characterized. Their expression patterns in developing gonads and in the gonads of exogenous estradiol (E2) -fed fish were analyzed. The cDNAs of ALK5 and BMPR2 were 1925 bp and 3704 bp in length and encoded 501 and 1070 amino acid residues, respectively. ALK5 and BMPR2 were mostly expressed in gonads, particularly in cortical alveoli stage ovaries and mid-spermatogenic stage testes; however, the overall level of BMPR2 mRNA was higher than that of ALK5 during gonadal development. Furthermore, immunohistochemical signals of ALK5 and BMPR2 were mostly detected at chromatin nucleolar oocytes and perinuclear oocytes in ovaries and at spermatocytes and spermatogonia in testes. Exogenous E2 induces the gonadal expression of ALK5 and BMPR2, and BMPR2 is more responsive to E2 than ALK5. These results suggest that ALK5 and BMPR2 might play a potentially vital role in both folliculogenesis and spermatogenesis in S. prenanti.

Expression Patterns and Gonadotropin Regulation of the TGF-β II Receptor (Bmpr2) during Ovarian Development in the Ricefield Eel Monopterus albus

“…Despite the sequence divergence, the results showed that the ligand binding domain (ActRI/ActRII domain) and kinase domain of M. albus sequence were highly conserved with other animals, including species such as Homo sapiens, Gallus, M. salmoides and S. argus . The ActRI/ActRII domain and kinase domain play a crucial role in ligand recognition and activation, similar to the results surveyed in Anguilla australis [ 25 ] and S. prenanti [ 15 ]. The results of the phylogenetic tree and Bmpr2 sequence structure characteristics showed that ricefield eel type II Bmp receptor had higher similarity with Bmpr2 of bony fishes, especially with Bmpr2b.…”

“…In zebrafish, bmpr2a and bmpr2b mRNA expression occurs mainly in the gill and testis [ 16 ]. In this paper, we found that the tissue expression patterns of bmpr2 mRNA in ricefield eels were markedly higher in the ovary than in other tissues, consistent with those of bmpr2 in S. prenanti [ 15 ].…”

“…Compared with other tissues, the bmpr2 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in the ovary in Schizothorax prenanti . More importantly, bmpr2 expression continued to increase to its peak in the ovary in the cortical alveoli stage (CAS) and then subsequently decreased in S. prenanti [ 15 ]. The expression levels of type II Bmp receptors ( bmpr2a and bmpr2b ) in the zebrafish ovary consistently increased during folliculogenesis, with the peak levels occurring in the full-growth stage prior to final oocyte maturation [ 16 ].…”

Sex-dependent variation in cartilage adaptation: from degeneration to regeneration

“…DHEA decreased the expression of β-catenin, resulting in upregulation of MMP13 and downregulation of TIMP1 and COL2A1 [ 131 ]. TGF-β signaling pathway ( B ): E2 upregulates the expression of ALK5 receptors, promoting ACAN and COL2A1 production and inhibiting COL10A1 , MMP13 , VEGF , OPN , BGLAP , and ALP expression [ 9 , 135 , 136 ]. Cellular energy and survival related pathways ( C ): PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is downregulated in human cartilage tissues with OA or in OA-like chondrocytes exposed to IL1, TNFα [ 153 , 154 ].…”

miR-301a-5p Regulates TGFB2 during Chicken Spermatogenesis

“…In addition, several genes and pathways are crucial for spermatogenesis [23][24][25][26][27], including the transforming growth factor-β/Smad (TGFβ/Smad) [28], AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) [26,29], and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways [30,31]. During embryonic development, embryogenesis, and adulthood, the TGF signaling pathway regulates a variety of biological activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [32].…”