Estratégias de manejo da palha de azevém para cultivo do arroz irrigado em sucessão

Correia, Silmara da Luz; Silva, Paulo Regis Ferreira da; Serpa, Michael da Silva; Vieira, Vladirene Macedo; Boeni, Madalena; Menezes, Guilherme Borba

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832013000200022

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Resultados semelhantes foram obtidos por CORREIA et al (2013), os quais não verificaram diferença no rendimento de grãos do arroz para os diferentes Tabela 1 -Teores médios de nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P) e potássio (K) na matéria seca do arroz irrigado, em dois estádios fenológicos, em função de manejos da palha do azevém no período de entressafra nos anos agrícolas de 2010/11 e 2011/12. Santa Maria-RS, 2014.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Manejo do azevém no estabelecimento inicial de plantas, na ciclagem de nutrientes e no rendimento de grãos do arroz irrigado

et al. 2015

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RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes manejos da cultura do azevém na entressafra do arroz irrigado, sobre o estabelecimento inicial de plantas, a ciclagem de nutrientes e o rendimento de grãos de arroz. O experimento Use of ryegrass in lowlands intensifies the nutrient cycling; however, it is recommended that in non grazed ryegrass the desiccation should be performed 60 days before the irrigated rice planting without reducing grain yield. Ryegrass hay production is a viable alternative for the off-season in lowlands because it does not reduce the initial establishment of irrigated rice plant.Key words: Oryza sativa, crops succession, cover crop, hay production. INTRODUÇÃOO sistema de semeadura direta em áreas de várzea pode ser incrementado através da implantação de plantas de cobertura de solo após a colheita do arroz irrigado (Oryza sativa). Essa prática pode incrementar a renda do produtor rural, através da utilização de uma cultura forrageira para produção de feno ou para pastejo. Além disso, esse sistema pode impactar positivamente na sustentabilidade do sistema de produção, em razão da ciclagem de nutrientes oriundos da palha remanescente do arroz irrigado pela cultura sucessora, o que possibilitaria otimizar o uso desses nutrientes e minimizar as suas perdas para o ambiente.Desse modo, quando se utilizam culturas em sucessão, busca-se, além da ciclagem de nutrientes, o sincronismo entre a liberação destes pela planta de cobertura e a absorção pela cultura sucessora. Nesse sentido, considera-se uma condição ideal

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Manejo do azevém no estabelecimento inicial de plantas, na ciclagem de nutrientes e no rendimento de grãos do arroz irrigado

et al. 2015

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“…Rev Bras Cienc Solo 2018;42:e0160461 previous experiments carried out in the same location with serradella (Vieira et al, 2007) and ryegrass (Marchesi et al, 2011;Correia et al, 2013). For ryegrass, N fertilization is necessary to achieve medium to high aboveground biomass production, especially in lowland soils with low organic matter content (Menezes et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussion Aboveground Biomass Of Winter Cover Crops and Ricmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This state is the largest producer of rice in Brazil, accounting for nearly 69 % of national production (Conab, 2016); mean grain yield is 7.8 Mg ha -1 (IRGA, 2016). On rice farms of southern Brazil, rice residue is generally used as winter feed for beef cattle, but many rice fields are not used in winter and remain fallow (Correia et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Flooded Rice Grown in Succession to Winter Cover Crops

Correia

Silva

Boeni

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Mean grain yield of flooded rice in southern Brazil has increased in recent years due to the use of high-yield cultivars and improvement of crop management practices. Nevertheless, stagnation in grain yields has been observed in some riceproducing regions. Adoption of conservation tillage systems based on cover crops may be a strategy to increase rice grain yield potential. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of winter cover crops on initial establishment, development, and grain yield of flooded rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under different fertilization levels and no-tillage. A field experiment was carried out for three consecutive years (2010/11, 2011/12, and 2012/13) in Cachoeirinha, Rio Grande do Sul, South Brazil. Treatments included three winter cover crops [ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), native serradella (Ornithopus micranthus Benth.), and a ryegrass-serradella mixture] and fallow, and three fertilization levels for rice grown in succession. More than 3 Mg ha-1 of serradella aboveground residue or 4 Mg ha-1 of ryegrass residue limited rice emergence in the first year when rainfall in the sowing-emergence period was higher than in the second and third years. In contrast, a large amount of residue (serradella >2 Mg ha-1 ; ryegrass >3 Mg ha-1) was beneficial to rice emergence when rainfall was low in the sowing-emergence period of the second and third years. The serradella cover crop increased rice aboveground biomass at anthesis by 22 % compared to the ryegrass cover crop. Furthermore, rice grain yield was 15 % higher in succession to serradella than to ryegrass in the third year. Continuous cultivation of flooded rice in succession to ryegrass over three years reduced grain yield by around 1.4 Mg ha-1 , regardless of fertilization level. Fertilization for very high production expectations increased rice grain yield in all years, especially in the second year, when solar radiation was higher than normal. The use of winter cover crops affected plant emergence, aboveground biomass, and grain yield of flooded rice. Rice grain yield increased with increases in fertilization level, and this response was not affected by the previous cover crop.

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“…In this environment, hydromorphic soils with shallow subsurface horizons or temporary water table elevations predominate. These restrict water percolation are prone to accumulating excess moisture (EMBRAPA, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alternating use of cover crops like soybeans provides significant benefits to tropical floodplain ecosystems. According to Correia et al (2013), the benefits of using crop rotation and succession systems in rice irrigation zones include nutrient cycling, soil use optimization, soil quality improvement by increasing organic matter, grain yield increase, and augmented crop profitability. These cultivation practices may also decrease fertilizer requirements via nutrient release from cover crop straw (VERNETTI JÚNIOR; GOMES; SCHUCH, 2009;NASCENTE et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cover Crops on Soil Attributes, Plant Nutrition, and Irrigated Tropical Rice Yield

et al. 2017

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-In flood plains, cover crops are able to alter soil properties and significantly affect rice nutrition and yield. The aims of this study were to determine soil properties, plant nutrition, and yield of tropical rice cultivated on flood plains after cover crop cultivation with conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage system (NTS) at low and high nitrogen (N) fertilization levels. The experimental design was a randomized block in a split-split-plot scheme with four replications. In the main plots were cover crops [sunhemp (Crotalaria juncea and C. spectabilis), velvet bean (Mucuna aterrima), jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)] and a fallow field. In the subplots were the tillage systems (CT or NTS). The nitrogen fertilization levels in the sub-subplots were (10 kg N ha ). All cover crops except Japanese radish significantly increased mineral soil nitrogen and nitrate concentrations. Sunhemp, velvet bean, and cowpea significantly increased soil ammonium content. The NTS provides higher mineral nitrogen and ammonium content than that by CT. Overall, cover crops provided higher levels of nutrients to rice plants in NTS than in CT. Cover crops provide greater yield than fallow treatments. Rice yield was higher in NTS than in CT, and greater at a higher rather than lower nitrogen fertilization level.Keywords: Nitrogen. No-till. Tropical lowland. PLANTAS DE COBERTURA AFETANDO ATRIBUTOS DE SOLO, NUTRIÇÃO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO ARROZ IRRIGADO TROPICALRESUMO -O uso de plantas de cobertura pode alterar atributos do solo e afetar significativamente a nutrição das plantas e produtividade do arroz cultivado em planícies inundáveis. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar atributos do solo, nutrição de plantas e produtividade do arroz irrigado tropical em planícies irrigáveis por inundação após o cultivo de plantas de cobertura, no preparo convencional do solo (PC) ou sistema plantio direto (SPD) em baixa e alta adubação com N. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, no esquema de parcelas sub-subdivdidas, com quatro repetições. Nas parcelas estavam as coberturas vegetais [Crotalaria juncea, C. spectabilis, mucuna preta (Mucuna aterrina), feijão de porco (Canavalia ensiformis), feijão guandu (Cajanus cajan), nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus), feijão caupi (Vigna unguiculata) e pousio], nas subparcelas o sistema de preparo do solo (PC ou SPD) e nas sub-subparcelas a adubação nitrogenada (10 e 45 kg ha -1 N). As plantas de cobertura, com exceção do nabo forrageiro, proporcionam incrementos nos teores de N total e nitrato no solo. C. juncea, C. spectabilis, mucuna preta e feijão caupi proporcionam incrementos nos teores de amônio no solo. O SPD proporciona maiores teores de N total e amônio do que o PC. No âmbito geral, as plantas de cobertura proporcionaram maiores teores de nutrientes nas plantas de arroz no SPD do que no PC. As plantas de cobertura também proporcionaram maior produtividade do arroz em relação ao t...

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Estratégias de manejo da palha de azevém para cultivo do arroz irrigado em sucessão

Abstract: & Guilherme Borba MenezesIndex terms: Oryza sativa, Lolium multiflorum Lam., práticas de manejo, época de dessecação, adubação nitrogenada na semeadura.

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Manejo do azevém no estabelecimento inicial de plantas, na ciclagem de nutrientes e no rendimento de grãos do arroz irrigado

Manejo do azevém no estabelecimento inicial de plantas, na ciclagem de nutrientes e no rendimento de grãos do arroz irrigado

Performance of Flooded Rice Grown in Succession to Winter Cover Crops

Effect of Cover Crops on Soil Attributes, Plant Nutrition, and Irrigated Tropical Rice Yield

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