Estrogen and progestin receptors in human prostatic carcinoma

Wolf, Richard M.; Schneider, Sara L.; Pontes, J. Edson; Englander, Lenore S.; Karr, James P.; Murphy, Gerald P.; Sandberg, Avery A.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19850515)55:10<2477::aid-cncr2820551028>3.0.co;2-g

Cited by 40 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…inhibition of calcium-ATPase and regulation of calcium influx, thereby hindering cell contraction and fluid transport (Fomin et al 1999, Toshima et al 2000. The PR expression found in the fibromuscular cells of the prostate confirms earlier findings in another primate, the rhesus monkey, which was treated with testosterone (West et al 1988) and in humans with prostate cancer (Wolf et al 1985).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Tissue expression of the nuclear progesterone receptor in male non-human primates and men

Luetjens

Didolkar²,

Kliesch³

et al. 2006

Journal of Endocrinology

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In females, progesterone is associated with reproductive functions. In males, its role and the expression of its genomic receptor are not very well understood. In attempts to achieve a hormonal male contraceptive method, gestagens are used to downregulate gonadotropin and sperm production. It is therefore essential to understand the mechanism of action of progesterone at the molecular level in males, especially in primates. This investigation was undertaken: (a) to determine whether the genomic progesterone receptor is expressed in males; and (b) to locate it in various organs that are potential targets of gestagens. Human tissues were obtained at surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer and at autopsy. Non-human primate tissues were obtained at autopsy. This study was performed by analyzing the genomic progesterone receptor by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and RT-PCR. The nuclear progesterone receptor was expressed in pituitary and hypothalamus of both monkeys and men. In the testis progesterone receptor expression was found in a few peritubular and interstitial cells, but not in germ cells. In addition, expression was detected in the epididymis, prostate and male mammary gland. Reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR experiments indicated that progesterone receptor A and B are expressed in all tissues analyzed. These data exclude direct genomic effects of gestagens at the spermatogenic level but indicate that a male contraceptive based on gestagens might have some effects on other tissues, such as the epididymis, prostate and mammary gland.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Tissue expression of the nuclear progesterone receptor in male non-human primates and men

Luetjens

Didolkar²,

Kliesch³

et al. 2006

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…A local physiological role for estrogens in prostate growth has been inferred by the detection of estrogen receptors (ER) in prostatic biopsies obtained from dogs (4,8,9), rats (10), guinea pigs (11), nonhuman primates (12)(13)(14), and men (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). In a series of men with BPH, the quantities of ER and progesterone receptors (PR) were highest in the oldest men (15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen and Progestin Receptors and Aromatase Activity in Rhesus Monkey Prostate*

West

Roselli²,

Resko

et al. 1988

Endocrinology

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We examined nuclear estrogen receptors (ER) and progestin receptors (PR) in the rhesus monkey prostate. Tissues were obtained from six intact males, five untreated castrates, six castrates treated with testosterone (T) for 6 weeks, and four castrates treated with estradiol (E2) for 6 weeks. Samples of the caudal lobe were either assayed biochemically for ER or stained immunocytochemically (ICC) with monoclonal antibodies against the ER or PR. Prostates from untreated castrates had significantly more ER than tissues from intact or T-treated castrates. In E2-treated castrates, ER number increased compared to that in intact and T-treated castrates. With ICC, ER was found only in the nuclei of the fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells of the stroma, not the glandular, ductal, or urethral epithelial cells. Intact and T-treated castrates had a very small number of positive cells, while untreated and E2-treated castrates had a significantly increased number of positive ER cells in the fibromuscular stroma. With ICC, PR was absent in intact or T-treated animals and barely evident in untreated castrates, but was significantly increased in the fibromuscular stroma of E2-treated castrates. The histological preparations indicated there was no stromal hypertrophy in the E2-treated castrates, but the E2 treatment did cause dilation of the glandular acini. Aromatase activity was measured in prostatic microsomes with a radiometric assay. Levels were low (3-30 fmol/h.mg protein) compared to those in brain and placenta, and no differences in activity were seen between castrates and T-treated castrates. Our data demonstrate that androgens can suppress the level of nuclear ER in the rhesus prostate, and that E2 treatment of castrates can induce PR in the same cells as those that contain ER. Thus, under appropriate conditions, estrogens could affect the rhesus prostate through a receptor-mediated pathway.

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“…Receptors for both progesterone and estrogen have been observed in prostatic tumors [27]. The presence of estrogen receptor (ER)-a and -b has been demonstrated in normal prostate, dysplasia and cancer [28].…”

Section: Etiology Treatment and The Role Of Hormonal Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%