Estrogen conditioning and progesterone facilitation of lordosis in guinea pigs

Joslyn, W D; Feder, Harvey H.; Goy, Robert W.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(71)90097-7

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The findings reported here on the mating behavior of acutely ovariectomized females support and extend the work of other investigators using rats [3,33,34,44], guinea pigs [21] and hamsters [6,10]. The most directly comparable results are those of Nequin and Schwartz [33] who showed that by -8 hr the estrogen conditioning process was sufficient to support lordosis in female rats with 5D cycles, but inadequate in females with 4D cycles.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of acute ovariectomy on the lordosis response of female rats

Moreines

Powers

1977

Physiology & Behavior

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The sexual receptivity of intact females with 4- or 5-day estrous cycles was compared to that of other females which had been ovariectomized at particular times during their cycles. The quality and frequency of lordosis responding were more degraded the earlier during the cycle ovariectomy was performed. This effect was more pronounced in 4-day than in 5-day cyclic females. Because exogenous progesterone was administered to all ovariectomized females, these behavioral deficits were attributed to removal of ovarian estradiol. Ovariectomy 6 hr before the critical period for luteinizing hormone release significantly shortened the duration of behavioral estrus, even though it had no effect when lordosis was tested at the time intact estrous females are maximally receptive. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the continual availability of estradiol throughout the 18--24 hr interval perior to the onset of behavioral estrus is essential for optimal conditioning of sexual receptivity to occur under physiological conditions. The relevance of triggering and maintenance functions of estradiol to these results is discussed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of acute ovariectomy on the lordosis response of female rats

Moreines

Powers

1977

Physiology & Behavior

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“…Many of the critical parametric experiments have yet to be performed in mice. The result is that mice are used as a model species with which to study molecular neuroendocrine relationships involved in sexual behavior and other aspects of reproductive neuroendocrinology; however, unlike the situation in guinea pigs (120) and rats (85), less is known about the factors necessary for the induction of feminine sexual behavior during the estrous cycle. For example, unlike rats and guinea pigs, when female mice are given typical injections of 17␤-estradiol followed by progesterone (106,121,122), or when given implants of a silicone tubing capsule of 17␤-estradiol followed by pretest injections of progesterone (95), they do not show full sexual response until approximately the fourth weekly behavioral test.…”

Section: Question 6: Which Forms Of the Hormones Should Be Given To Rmentioning

confidence: 97%

Strategies and Methods for Research on Sex Differences in Brain and Behavior

et al. 2005

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Female and male brains differ. Differences begin early during development due to a combination of genetic and hormonal events and continue throughout the lifespan of an individual. Although researchers from a myriad of disciplines are beginning to appreciate the importance of considering sex differences in the design and interpretation of their studies, this is an area that is full of potential pitfalls. A female's reproductive status and ovarian cycle have to be taken into account when studying sex differences in health and disease susceptibility, in the pharmacological effects of drugs, and in the study of brain and behavior. To investigate sex differences in brain and behavior there is a logical series of questions that should be answered in a comprehensive investigation of any trait. First, it is important to determine that there is a sex difference in the trait in intact males and females, taking into consideration the reproductive cycle of the female. Then, one must consider whether the sex difference is attributable to the actions of gonadal steroids at the time of testing and/or is sexually differentiated permanently by the action of gonadal steroids during development. To answer these questions requires knowledge of how to assess and/or manipulate the hormonal condition of the subjects in the experiment appropriately. This article describes methods and procedures to assist scientists new to the field in designing and conducting experiments to investigate sex differences in research involving both laboratory animals and humans.

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“…or by giving the combination of a subthreshold dose of an estrogen followed by progesterone (rats (2. 4, 5 ) ; guinea pigs (6,7)). It appears that exposure to estradiol primes animals to respond to progesterone which in turn triggers the onset of sex behavior.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Down‐Regulation of Estrogen Receptor Immunoreactivity by 17β‐estradiol in the Guinea Pig Forebrain

Meredith

Auger

Blaustein

1994

J Neuroendocrinology

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Low amplitude pulses of estradiol-17 beta (E2-17 beta) are more effective than large single bolus injections or constant exposure to E2-17 beta in inducing progesterone-facilitated sex behavior in female rats and guinea pigs. The present study examined whether the increased responsiveness to E2-17 beta is due to an increase in the number of estrogen receptors in the estrogen receptor rich areas of the hypothalamus and amygdala. Initial studies examined the rapid effects (20 min) of a high dose of E2-17 beta (50 micrograms) on estrogen receptor immunostaining using either the H222 antibody or the ER 21 antiserum. ER 21 immunostaining was not affected by the E2-17 beta treatment suggesting that it binds to both occupied and unoccupied estrogen receptors. Therefore the ER 21 antiserum was used to characterize the regulation of estrogen receptor immunoreactivity (ER-IR) by E2-17 beta. ER-IR was examined for 48 h and serum E2-17 beta for 24 h following a 2 micrograms s.c. injection of E2-17 beta (a dose similar to that used in multiple pulse paradigms). Serum E2-17 beta peaked 15 to 30 min following the injection and returned to baseline values by 1 h. In all but one area maximal suppression of ER-IR occurred at 12 h. In summary, 1) decreases in estrogen receptor immunoreactivity following E2-17 beta are consistent with studies in which estrogen receptors were assayed by binding assays and estrogen receptor mRNA was determined by in situ hybridization; 2) the ER 21 antiserum is able to detect both occupied and unoccupied estrogen receptors and 3) H222 immunoreactivity is influenced by the presence of E2-17 beta, so that the level of H222-IR is a reflection of ligand/receptor binding dynamics. The data suggest that up-regulation of estrogen receptors does not account for the increase in behavioral sensitivity which is observed following multiple pulses of E2-17 beta.

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Estrogen conditioning and progesterone facilitation of lordosis in guinea pigs

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of acute ovariectomy on the lordosis response of female rats

Effects of acute ovariectomy on the lordosis response of female rats

Strategies and Methods for Research on Sex Differences in Brain and Behavior

Down‐Regulation of Estrogen Receptor Immunoreactivity by 17β‐estradiol in the Guinea Pig Forebrain

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