Estrogen Receptor (ER)-<i>β</i>, But Not ER-<i>α</i>, Is Present in Thyroid Vessels: Immunohistochemical Evaluations in Multinodular Goiter and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Ceresini, Graziano; Morganti, S.; Graiani, Virna; Saccani, Maria; Milli, Bruna; Usberti, Elisa; Valenti, Giorgio; Ceda, Gian Paolo; Corcione, Luigi

doi:10.1089/thy.2006.16.1215

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Although in our study we did not noted any significant differences in ER expression between GD and NG, we may not directly compare our results with the results obtained www.fhc.viamedica.pl by Wang et al as the ER expression of ER was not studied in NG lesions [20]. The results of studies analyzing ER expression in NG were inconsistent, as some studies reported even higher ER expression as this noted in our studies, whereas some did not report ERa expression in thyrocytes [21][22][23]. Studies aimed at examining the associations between ER and GD found, that the ESR2 gene was not associated with GD incidence in the Japanese population [24], whereas in the Polish study of Kisiel et al, the authors found a significant association between this gene and GD susceptibility [1].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and Ki-67 antigen in Graves’ disease and nodular goiter

Domosławski

Podhorska-Okołów²,

Puła³

et al. 2013

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Graves' Disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease with higher prevalence in women than in men. The aim of the study was to correlate the expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) as well as Ki-67 cell proliferation index in thyroid sections of GD and nodular goiter (ND) patients. The study was performed on archival paraffin blocks of 77 GD and 25 ND patients using immunohistochemistry. Higher expression of progesterone receptors (p = 0.0276) and Ki-67 index (p < 0.0001) was observed in thyroids of GD as compared to NG patients. No correlations were found between the particular markers and patients' clinicopathological parameters, sex or age. A higher incidence of GD in women was not associated with different thyroid expression of ER and PR in comparison to men. No correlation was found between the expression of ER and PR and proliferation marker of thyrocytes of GD and ND patients. Significantly higher expression of the Ki-67 antigen in GD lesions was observed as compared to the NG.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and Ki-67 antigen in Graves’ disease and nodular goiter

Domosławski

Podhorska-Okołów²,

Puła³

et al. 2013

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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“…However, similarly, the patterns of ERa and ERb expression in thyroid carcinoma tissues are widely varying. Some authors did not observe ERa immunostaining in thyroid adenomas, goiters, and papillary, follicular, and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas, but ERb immunoreactivity in all benign and malignant thyroid samples (Ceresini et al 2006, Vaiman et al 2010a. In contrast, others reported an increased expression of ERa in PTC tissues in comparison to low or absent expression in normal thyroid tissues (Chen et al 2008, Kansakar et al 2009).…”

Section: Er Expression In Benign and Malignant Thyroid Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Estrogen and its role in thyroid cancer

Derwahl¹,

Nicula²

2014

Endocrine Related Cancer

238

166

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Proliferative thyroid diseases are more prevalent in females than in males. Upon the onset of puberty, the incidence of thyroid cancer increases in females only and declines again after menopause. Estrogen is a potent growth factor both for benign and malignant thyroid cells that may explain the sex difference in the prevalence of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. It exerts its growth-promoting effect through a classical genomic and a non-genomic pathway, mediated via a membrane-bound estrogen receptor. This receptor is linked to the tyrosine kinase signaling pathways MAPK and PI3K. In papillary thyroid carcinomas, these pathways may be activated either by a chromosomal rearrangement of the tyrosine receptor kinase TRKA, by RET/PTC genes, or by a BRAF mutation and, in addition, in females they may be stimulated by high levels of estrogen. Furthermore, estrogen is involved in the regulation of angiogenesis and metastasis that are critical for the outcome of thyroid cancer. In contrast to other carcinomas, however, detailed knowledge on this regulation is still missing for thyroid cancer.

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“…Benign and malignant thyroid cells and tissues express functional oestrogen receptors (ERs) and their growth is stimulated by oestrogen (Furlanetto et al 1999, Manole et al 2001, Ceresini et al 2006, Kumar et al 2010, Rajoria et al 2010, Di Vito et al 2011. In addition, the presence of these receptors has also been demonstrated in thyroid vessels that may be relevant for the vascularization of neoplastic tissues (Ceresini et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oestrogen action on thyroid progenitor cells: relevant for the pathogenesis of thyroid nodules?

Xu¹,

Chen²,

Peng³

et al. 2013

Journal of Endocrinology

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Benign and malignant thyroid nodules are more prevalent in females than in males. Experimental data suggest that the proliferative effect of oestrogen rather than polymorphisms is responsible for this gender difference. This study analysed whether both differentiated thyroid cells and thyroid stem and progenitor cells are targets of oestrogen action. In thyroid stem/progenitor cells derived from nodular goitres, the ability of 17b-oestradiol (E 2 ) to induce the formation of thyrospheres and the expression of oestrogen receptors (ERs) and the effect of E 2 on the growth and expression of markers of stem cells and thyroid differentiation (TSH receptor, thyroperoxidase, thyroglobulin and sodium iodide symporter (NIS)) were analysed. E 2 induced thyrosphere formation, albeit to a lower extent than other growth factors. Thyroid stem and progenitor cells expressed ERa (ESR1) and ERb (ESR2) with eight times higher expression levels of ERa mRNA compared with the differentiated thyrocytes. E 2 was a potent stimulator of the growth of thyroid stem/progenitor cells. In contrast, TSH-induced differentiation of progenitor cells, in particular, the expression of NIS, was significantly inhibited by E 2 . In conclusion, oestrogen stimulated the growth and simultaneously inhibited the differentiation of thyroid nodule-derived stem/progenitor cells. From these data and based on the concept of cellular heterogeneity, we hypothesize a supportive role of oestrogen in the propagation of thyroid stem/progenitor cells leading to the selection of a progeny of growth-prone cells with a decreased differentiation. These cells may be the origin of hypofunctioning or non-functioning thyroid nodules in females.

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Estrogen Receptor (ER)-β, But Not ER-α, Is Present in Thyroid Vessels: Immunohistochemical Evaluations in Multinodular Goiter and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Abstract: This study demonstrated that ER-beta, but not ER-alpha, IR is present in the endothelium of thyroid vessels. Furthermore, although data need to be confirmed in larger observations, these results suggest the lack of differences in the pattern of vascular ER-beta IR between MNG and PTC.

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and Ki-67 antigen in Graves’ disease and nodular goiter

Expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and Ki-67 antigen in Graves’ disease and nodular goiter

Estrogen and its role in thyroid cancer

Oestrogen action on thyroid progenitor cells: relevant for the pathogenesis of thyroid nodules?

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