Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer molecular signatures and therapeutic potentials (Review)

Zhang, Mei Hong; Man, Hong; Zhao, Xiaofeng; Ni, Dong; Shi, Liang

doi:10.3892/br.2013.187

Cited by 100 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 175 publications

(132 reference statements)

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“…This type is further subdivided into low-risk luminal A type, with high ER-regulated gene expression, and high-risk luminal B type, with low ER-regulated gene expression. In addition to ER activity, HER2 overexpression and high Ki67 proliferation index are also considered to be molecular characteristics of luminal B type [18]. The luminal A type is responsive to endocrine therapy, whereas the luminal B type is more aggressive and refractory to endocrine therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From bench to bedside: What do we know about hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer?

Kanaya

et al. 2015

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Thanks to extensive efforts from research scientists and clinicians, treatment for breast cancer has advanced into the era of targeted medicine. With the use of several well-established biomarkers, such as hormone receptors (HRs) (i.e. estrogen receptor [ER] and progesterone receptor [PgR]) and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2), breast cancer patients can be categorized into multiple subgroups with specific targeted treatment strategies. Although therapeutic strategies for HR-positive (HR+) HER2-negative (HER2−) breast cancer and HR-negative (HR−) HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer are well-defined, HR+ HER2+ breast cancer is still an overlooked subgroup without tailored therapeutic options. In this review, we have summarized the molecular characteristics, etiology, preclinical tools and therapeutic options for HR+ HER2+ breast cancer. We hope to raise the attention of both the research and the medical community on HR+ HER2+ breast cancer, and to advance patient care for this subtype of disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From bench to bedside: What do we know about hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer?

Kanaya

et al. 2015

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…ERs are members of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily. They mediate the impacts of the estrogen hormone (Zhang et al, 2014). Estrogen regulates growth, homeostasis and differentiation in eukaryotic cells but it can increase the risk of breast and endometrial cancer too (Gu et al, 2014).…”

Section: Estrogen Receptor Beta (Erβ) May Act As Mediator In Apoptotimentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen Receptor Beta (ERβ) May Act as Mediator in Apoptotic Induction of Grape Seed Extract (GSE)

Abroodi

Sajedi

Nikbakht

et al. 2019

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Background: Grape seed extract is a complex mixture of polyphenols. Its anti-tumor effects have been reported by several studies. Estrogen receptors (ERs) are commonly considered as important markers for breast cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the apoptotic effects of GSE on MCF7 breast cancer cells and assessed the expression of ERβ during treatment of cells with GSE. Material and Methods: The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of GSE in MCF7 breast cancer cells were calculated by treating cells with serial dilution of GSE for 48 hours and cell viability evaluated using MTT assay. Then cells assigned to three groups: control (no treatment), DMSO (cells treated with 0.05% of DMSO) and GSE group (cells treated with of GSE for 48 hours). The apoptosis assay was performed by detecting Annexin V protein by flow cytometry. The gene expression of ERβ and caspase-3 was evaluated by Real-Time PCR. Results: Cells in GSE group treated with GSE IC 50 concentration for 48 hours. Annexin V staining assay, represented early apoptosis detected by flow cytometry analysis showed significantly higher expression (p<0.01) than control and DMSO groups. Moreover, results of Real-Time PCR showed a significant expression in ERβ and caspase-3 genes in GSE group compared to control and DMSO groups (Fold change = 2.3 and 3.5, respectively). Conclusion: GSE may induce apoptosis in MCF7 human breast cancer cells by activation of ERβ gene.

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“…About 80% of breast cancers are "ER-positive", i.e. the cancer cells grow in response to the hormone estrogen 1 . About 65% of these are also "PR-positive" (Progesterone receptor).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MiR-195 regulates mitochondrial function by targeting mitofusin-2 in breast cancer cells

Purohit

Edwards

Tokatlidis

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Mitochondrial dynamics is a highly dysregulated process in cancer.Apoptosis and mitochondrial fission are two concurrent events wherein increased mitochondrial fragmentation serves as a hallmark of apoptosis. We have shown earlier that miR-195 exerts pro-apoptotic effects in breast cancer cells. Herein, we have demonstrated miR-195 as a modulator of mitochondrial dynamics and function. Imaging experiments upon miR-195 treatment have shown that mitochondria undergo extensive fission. We validated mitofusin2 as a potential target of miR-195. Which may provide a molecular explanation for the respiratory defects induced by miR-195 over-expression in breast cancer cells? Active, but not total, mitochondrial mass, was reduced with increasing levels of miR-195. We have further shown that miR-195 enhances mitochondrial SOD-2 expression but does not affect PINK1 levels in breast cancer cells. Collectively, we have revealed that miR-195 is a modulator of mitochondrial dynamics by targeting MFN2 thereby impairing mitochondrial function. Concomitantly, it enhances the scavenger of reactive oxygen species (SOD-2) to maintain moderate levels of oxidative stress.. Our findings suggest a therapeutic potential of miR-195 in both ER-positive as well as ERnegative breast cancer cells.

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Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer molecular signatures and therapeutic potentials (Review)

Cited by 100 publications

References 175 publications

From bench to bedside: What do we know about hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer?

From bench to bedside: What do we know about hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer?

Estrogen Receptor Beta (ERβ) May Act as Mediator in Apoptotic Induction of Grape Seed Extract (GSE)

MiR-195 regulates mitochondrial function by targeting mitofusin-2 in breast cancer cells

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