Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER-2/neu protein in breast cancers from pregnant patients

Elledge, Richard M.; Ciocca, Daniel R.; Langone, Gregory; McGuire, William

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19930415)71:8<2499::aid-cncr2820710812>3.0.co;2-s

Cited by 185 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Some reports include pregnancy and 6 months post-partum [5], others pregnancy and 2 years postpartum [20], others again only pregnancy [11]. In the present population-based study, PA breast cancer included a pregnancy group and a lactation group, which was defined as up to 12 months after childbirth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy and breast cancer: a population-based study

et al. 2003

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The incidence of pregnancy-associated breast cancer, i.e. during pregnancy and lactation, and of pregnancy subsequent to a breast-cancer diagnosis will increase as more women choose childbearing at a later age. Few larger series are published on pregnancy-associated breast cancer. In a population-based study, we evaluated the outcome and prognostic factors in 173 breast-cancer patients. One hundred and twenty-two patients had pregnancy-associated breast cancer (20 coincident with pregnancy and 102 during lactation) and 51 patients had pregnancy subsequent to breast cancer. The median follow-up time was 151 months. Histopathological parameters and immunoreactivity for oestrogen and progesterone receptors c-erbB-2 and c-erbB-4 were studied. All three groups had tumours with high histological grade, low frequency of hormone receptors and high expression of c-erbB-2. The pregnancy and lactation groups were near identical with regard to all histopathological parameters and outcome. In the two pregnancy-associated breast-cancer groups, tumours were significantly larger, with more extensive lymph-node involvement. For node-negative tumours the respective 5- and 10-year survival rates were 62% and 50% in the pregnancy group and 60% and 50% in the lactation group. For node-positive tumours, respective 5- and 10-year survival rates were 50% and 34% in the pregnancy group and 50% and 33% in the lactation group. In the subsequent group, overall survival was high in both node-negative and -positive groups, with 5- and 10-year survival rates of 80% and 73% and 86% and 76%, respectively. Tumour size, lymph-node status, histological grade, progesterone receptor, oestrogen receptor and c-erbB-2 were significant prognostic factors in the pregnancy-associated breast-cancer patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy and breast cancer: a population-based study

et al. 2003

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“…Several theories persist. The first is that the high circulating levels of estrogen and progesterone in pregnancy may occupy all of the hormone receptor binding sites; the second relates to receptor down-regulation during pregnancy [7,9,27,28].…”

Section: Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer: A Literature Review

Barnes

Newman

2007

Surgical Clinics of North America

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Breast cancer, along with cervical cancer, is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers of pregnancy. Most would define gestational breast cancer as breast cancer that is diagnosed during pregnancy, lactation, and up to 12 months post-partum. The diagnostic and therapeutic implications in this clinical setting are special. These women typically present with a more advanced-stage disease that carries an associated poorer prognosis. Physicians thus are challenged to balance aggressive maternal care with appropriate modifications that will ensure fetal protection. . Of women diagnosed with breast cancer younger than 40 years, only approximately 10% will be pregnant [2,3]. These data certainly suggest a low incidence of pregnancy-associated breast cancer. In fact, historically, the incidence is estimated at 1 in 3000 pregnancies [4][5][6]. Despite the overall low incidence, however, gestational breast cancer is one of the most common pregnancy-associated malignancies, second only to cervical cancer [4,6]. Notably, many have offered that this incidence will only increase as more women delay childbearing until later in life [4,7]. This concern is based on the fact that pregnancy-associated breast cancer is age-related, and women

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“…Дискутабель-ной является и степень информативности МГ из-за высокой плотности ткани молочной же-лезы в молодом возрасте. Анализ гистологи-ческих форм РМЖ показал, что при сочетании РМЖ и беременности более часто, чем в общей популяции больных РМЖ, встречаются агрес-сивные формы опухоли: так, низкая дифферен-цировка опухоли встречается в 74% случаев, инвазия лимфатических сосудов и опухолевые эмболы в них -в 88%, ЭР и ПР негативные опу-холи -в 42% [13]. Чаще отмечается метастати-ческое поражение периферических лимфати-ческих узлов.…”

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