Estrogen Signaling and Thyrocyte Proliferation

Arciuch, Valeria G. Antico; Cristofano, Antonio Di

doi:10.5772/35913

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with this, different research groups have reported Estrogen in the modulation of TC proliferation and migration [10,12,15,18,23,30]. Estradiol (E2) is the most potent form of estrogen being that it has the highest affinity to its receptors ERα, ERβ, and GPER1 [4,19]. In particular, ERαstimulates proliferation with an anti-apoptosis effect, while ERβ is associated with apoptosis and growth inhibition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Estrogen and thyroid cancer is a stem affair: A preliminary study

Zane

Parello

Pennelli

et al. 2017

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

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Gender influences Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) with an incidence of 3:1 when comparing women to men with different aggressiveness. This gender discrepancy suggests some role of sex hormones in favoring the malignant progression of thyroid tissue to cancer. Estrogens are known to promote Stem Cell self-renewal and, therefore, may be involved in tumor initiation. The goals of these studies are to investigate the underlying causes of gender differences in PTC by studying the specific role of estrogens on tumor cells and their involvement within the Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) compartment. Exposure to 1 nmol l−1 Estradiol for 24 h promotes growth and maintenance of PTC Stem Cells, while inducing dose-dependent cellular proliferation and differentiation following Estradiol administration. Whereas mimicking a condition of hormonal imbalance led to an opposite phenotype compared to a continuous treatment. In vivo we find that Estradiol promotes motility and tumorigenicity of CSCs. Estradiol-treated mice inoculated with Thyroid Cancer Stem Cell-enriched cells developed larger tumor masses than control mice. Furthermore, Estradiol-pretreated Cancer Stem cells migrated to distant organs, while untreated cells remained circumscribed. We also find that the biological response elicited by estrogens on Papillary Thyroid Cancer in women differed from men in pathways mediated. This could explain the gender imbalance in tumor incidence and development and could be useful to develop gender specific treatment of (PTC).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Estrogen and thyroid cancer is a stem affair: A preliminary study

Zane

Parello

Pennelli

et al. 2017

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

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“…Involved in cellular processes such as growth, cell motility, and apoptosis, in reproductive tissues and other organs, including endocrine glands, estrogens are mainly produced by the adrenal cortex and ovary, but also by the thyroid (25, 26). They are present in women and men with a notable increase in women at reproductive age.…”

Section: Estrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estrogens perform their function by binding to ER alpha and beta (ER-α, ER-β), and a transmembrane intracellular non-classical ER G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) (Figure 2). ER-α and ER-β are soluble intracellular nuclear receptors, belonging to a ligand-dependent nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors (TFs) (25, 26). ER-α is the key factor of E2-induced proliferation with an anti-apoptosis effect.…”

Section: Estrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogens and Stem Cells in Thyroid Cancer

et al. 2014

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Recent discoveries highlight the emerging role of estrogens in the initiation and progression of different malignancies through their interaction with stem cell (SC) compartment. Estrogens play a relevant role especially for those tumors bearing a gender disparity in incidence and aggressiveness, as occurs for most thyroid diseases. Although several experimental lines suggest that estrogens promote thyroid cell proliferation and invasion, their precise contribution in SC compartment still remains unclear. This review underlines the interplay between hormones and thyroid function, which could help to complete the puzzle of gender discrepancy in thyroid malignancies. Defining the association between estrogen receptors’ status and signaling pathways by which estrogens exert their effects on thyroid cells is a potential tool that provides important insights in pathogenetic mechanisms of thyroid tumors.

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Estrogen Signaling and Thyrocyte Proliferation

Cited by 2 publications

References 128 publications

Estrogen and thyroid cancer is a stem affair: A preliminary study

Estrogen and thyroid cancer is a stem affair: A preliminary study

Estrogens and Stem Cells in Thyroid Cancer

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