Estrogenic, Antiestrogenic and Antiproliferative Activities of Euphorbia bicolor (Euphorbiaceae) Latex Extracts and Its Phytochemicals

Abstract

Estrogen receptor antagonists are effective in breast cancer treatment. However, the side effects of these treatments have led to a rise in searching for alternative therapies. The present study evaluated the estrogenic, antiestrogenic, and antiproliferative activities of Euphorbia bicolor (Euphorbiaceae), a plant native to south-central USA. Estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of latex extract and its phytochemicals were evaluated with a steroid-regulated yeast system expressing the human estrogen receptor α and antiproliferative properties were assessed in the ER-positive MCF-7 and T47-D and triple-negative MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-469 breast carcinomas. Genistein and coumestrol identified in the latex extract induced higher estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities compared to diterpenes and flavonoids. The latex extract, resiniferatoxin (RTX) and rutin induced antiproliferative activities in all cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, but not in human normal primary dermal fibroblast cultures. A biphasic effect was observed with MDA-MB-468 breast carcinoma in which the latex extract at low concentrations increased and at high concentrations decreased cell proliferation. Treatments with latex extract in combination with RTX or rutin reduced even more the proliferation of MCF-7 breast carcinoma compared to the individual latex, RTX, and rutin treatments. E. bicolor latex phytochemicals could contribute to developing commercial therapeutic agents for breast cancer treatment.

In vitro study of the antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anthelmintic properties of some medicinal plants of Kokrajhar district, India

“…Plants are a rich source of phytochemicals and possess several medicinal properties such as antioxidants, anti-diabetes, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial activities, etc. (Basu et al 2020;Fahad et al 2021). Plants possess strong antioxidant properties because of their innate ability to synthesize non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules such as ascorbic acid, glutathione, and phenolic compounds.…”

High-Throughput In Vitro Gene Expression Profile to Screen of Natural Herbals for Breast Cancer Treatment

“…were found to possess anti-cancer properties ( 10 ). Moreover, some plants of the Euphorbiaceae family such as E. bicolor , E. hirta , and S. Baill were analyzed for anti-cancer activity ( 88 – 90 ). In the positive controls, doxorubicin hydrochloride enriched the genes involved in the Cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway, and multiple cancer pathways, including breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, bladder, gastric, pancreatic, and prostate cancer.…”

“…KEGG analysis results are shown in Supplemental (88)(89)(90). In the positive controls, doxorubicin hydrochloride enriched the genes involved in the Cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway, and multiple cancer pathways, including breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, bladder, gastric, pancreatic, and prostate cancer.…”

Identification of Potential Markers for Differentiating Epithelial Ovarian Cancer from Ovarian Low Malignant Potential Tumors through Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis

“…Among them, valproic acid [65,66], Calcitriol [67,68], cobaltous chloride [69], Copper Sulfate [70,71], Genistein [72], 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide [73], Methotrexate [74], Mustard Gas [75] and Cyclosporine [76] all have been showed to have antitumor activity against EOC in vitro or vivo, whereas bisphenol A [77,78], cadmium [79,80], A atoxin B1 [81] and Estradiol [82,83] all have cancerpromoting activity in EOC. However, Lucanthone and Latex have not been studied in EOC till now despite they showed anti-cancer effects in other cancers [84,85]. Thus, additional studies and clinical trials are needed to identify and explore their effect on EOC in future.…”