Estrogens desensitize MCF-7 breast cancer cells to apelin-induced autophagy and enhanced growth under estrogen starvation: a possible implication in endocrine resistance

MicroRNA-126-3P targets PIK3R2 to ameliorate autophagy and apoptosis of cortex in hypoxia–reoxygenation treated neonatal rats

“…Autophagy is the adaptive response of cells when nutrition is deficient. Under the stimulation of various factors such as ischemia, cells start an autophagy mechanism to remove damaged mitochondria, prevent apoptosis factors from being released into the cytoplasm, and improve the tolerance of cells to hypoxia, which plays a certain protective role for cells (33)(34)(35). Autophagy gene Beclin-1 is involved in the nucleation process of autophagy, and excessive autophagy can significantly up-regulate Beclin-1 expression during the reperfusion period, which will aggravate I/R damage (36,37).…”

Exploring the multifaceted role of obesity in breast cancer progression

“…However, administration of exogenous estrogen reversed the effects. In addition, it was reported that apelin-13 deactivated the apoptotic kinase AMPK, indicating a novel pathway for estrogen-independent BCa growth, making it a potential therapeutic target ( Bouchelaghem et al, 2022 ).…”

Detection of TP53 gene mutation in blood of breast cancer patients based on circulating tumor DNA and its application in prognosis

“…Before the 1990s, breast cancer was not common in China, but now more than 1.6 million people are diagnosed with cancer every year and 1.2 million people die of cancer (2). Like most other countries, breast cancer is now the most common cancer among Women in China; China's breast cancer cases account for 12.2% of newly diagnosed breast cancer cases and 9.6% of global breast cancer deaths (3). It has become one of the main causes of death for cancer patients in China.…”