Estructura de la comunidad bacteriana en diferentes tejidos de Lobatus gigas silvestres (Linnaeus, 1758) de la Reserva de Biosfera Seaflower del Caribe

Abstract

The microbial diversity of Lobatus gigas has not been thoroughly studied despite of them is a specie endangered. Knowledge of microbiota may help to improve the conservation and cultivation of this species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bacterial populationsassociated with the gonad and the gut compartments of the wild endangered L. gigas from the Caribbean Seaflower Biosphere Reserve, using microbiological methods and culture-independent molecular tools. The genetic profiles of the bacterial populations were generated and Temporal Temperature Gradient Electrophoresis (TTGE) was used to compare them with total DNA. A genetic and statistical analysis of the bacterial communities revealed a low level of diversity in gonad tissue based on the number of bands detected using TTGE. In addition, statistical differences in bacterial community structure were found between the foregut and hindgut tissue of L. gigas. The dominant phylogenetic affiliations of the gonad bacteria, as determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, belong to Ralstonia (50%). The possible involvement of this genus in the reproduction and development of the conch is discussed. On the other hand, the bacterial phylotypes from foregut and hindgut included members of Alphaproteobactera (12.5%), Betaproteobacteria (12.5%), Gammaproteobacteria (12.5%), Bacilli (31.25%), Clostridia (6.25%), Actinobacteria (6.25%), Mollicutes (6.25%) and Deinococci (6.25%) classes. Knowing the composition of the gonad and foregut and hindgut bacteria of L. gigas is the first step toward exploring the proper management of this species, as well as provides useful information to future researches that allow a better understanding of the role of these bacterial populations in the health and reproductive rate of L. gigas.

Characterization of bacterial diversity and assessing the cyanide biodegradation potential of bacterial isolates from gold processing plants

“…Three samples from the industrial plant (M2, M3 and M4) and five samples from the artisanal plant (A5, A6, A7, A9 and A10) were processed for TTGE analysis [22,24,29]. The V3-V6 region of the 16S rDNA was amplified with primers 341F with a GC tail at the 5' end, and 907R [30].…”

“…After the colonies were purified by the quadrant streaking method, they were characterized microscopically by gram staining and molecularly by RISA (or IGS) [22][23][24]29]. RISA banding patterns were resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and analyzed with GelCompar II software (Applied Maths Biosystems, Belgium).…”

“…Our aim was to use both conventional and molecular methods as complementary approaches to estimate bacterial diversity present in residual effluents from cyanidation processes in two gold processing plants and evaluate the cyanide degradation potential of four isolated bacterial strains. The molecular tools included temporal temperature gradient electrophoresis (TTGE), and ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA or IGS) [22][23][24]. This approach enables the detection of dominant bacterial communities that could be of importance in the treatment of mining wastewater and may offer an alternative method for removing cyanide before it has a chance to contaminate the environment.…”