Estructura urbana y policentrismo en el Área Metropolitana de Concepción

Rojas, Carolina; Olivera, Iván Muñiz; García-López, Miguel Ángel

doi:10.4067/s0250-71612009000200003

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Spread along the Bio Bio river and the Pacific coastal shore in a halved radial structure, since the 1990s its expansion has been filling in the gaps between central and peripheral boroughs, increasing the population and urban areas to form a metropolitan conurbation (Salinas Varela et al 2010). Despite this spatial transition, the functional structure of jobs and services still concentrates on the two main central boroughs, which suggests an unbalanced bi-central structure (Rojas Quezada et al 2009).…”

Section: Metropolitan Concepción As An Energy Hubmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sacrifice zones and the construction of urban energy landscapes in Concepción, Chile

Broto

Calvet

2020

Journal of Political Ecology

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This article examines how national energy policies in Chile constitute urban energy landscapes characterized by environmental and spatial inequalities. The concept of urban energy landscapes is deployed to explain the spatial patterns resulting from energy governance and energy conflicts in the metropolitan area of Concepción, a metropolitan region of strategic importance in the configuration of national energy policy. These urban energy landscapes result from the constitution of 'sacrifice zones' that reflect an extractivist model of energy production. The combination of qualitative interviews and transect walks reveals different aspects of a dual arrangement of energy infrastructure and urbanization. The city's fragmented landscapes emerge from the coexistence of energy infrastructure and associated industries, with daily activities of communities that have little to do with these industries but live in their shadow. Conflicts in these urban energy landscapes are intense, with every inch of space contested by competing modes of 'being urban.' The urban energy landscape in Concepción is an expression of a clash of social and economic power with local priorities.Keywords: urban energy landscapes, industrial landscapes, sacrifice zones, energy conflicts, coal energy, Chile

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Section: Metropolitan Concepción As An Energy Hubmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sacrifice zones and the construction of urban energy landscapes in Concepción, Chile

Broto

Calvet

2020

Journal of Political Ecology

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“…The literature on urban sprawl has been a notable dimension of urban and regional planning for the greater part of the late 20th century, from Jane Jacobs' [7] criticism of Robert Moses to contemporary discussion on the protection of green belts and wetlands [8] and planetary urbanization [9]. The American suburbia model of development facilitated by the private automobile from the 1950s and reproduced forcefully around the Global South in the following decades, compounded by peripheral informal settlements, was fully documented in terms of the new urban forms that were created.…”

Section: Understanding the Context Of Urban Sprawlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Planning Policies in Promoting Urban Sprawl in Intermediate Cities: Evidence from Chile

Barton

Ramírez

2019

Sustainability

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Urban sprawl has been studied principally as a phenomenon produced by a lack of or weakness in urban planning, as a consequence of real estate liberalization. This article examines the Chilean case, and proposes that the state has been the engine of this phenomenon through spatial planning instruments that have both neoliberal and neostructural features, and that are best defined by the concept, new public management. The analysis tracks urban sprawl in four intermediate cities, which have experienced high rates of growth since 2000, using photointerpretation of satellite images between 2003 and 2011, and the creation of a typology to define land uses and housing types. The results show that intermediate cities follow similar trends to the capital city, Santiago, and face similar problems, in particular the concentration of services in the urban core. These similarities are produced by the application of general planning instruments: Article 55 and Decree Law 3516. While most research on urban sprawl focuses on private agency, this article highlights the role of the state in its production. It is therefore relevant to explore the nature of public agency in urban sprawl processes in different metropolitan and intermediate cities, and how planning policies can be adapted to curb the phenomenon.Sustainability 2019, 11, 7165 2 of 17 onwards, but rather the oxymoron of 'planned urban sprawl', whereby the State was the principal promoter of this model of urban sprawl. It was not a deficit of social, economic, and political control over different interest groups that led to this process, but the inverse: A high level of control and the production of instruments to facilitate this process. In this sense, the Chilean experience flies in the face of the argument that urban sprawl is produced by uncontrolled, unplanned growth on the urban periphery. In this case, it was co-produced by the authoritarian State in collaboration with private interest groups who were committed to the liberalization of land and the dismissal of the limitations imposed by urban and regional planning principles; this experience provides a strong example of what has been defined as new public management.Furthermore, while there is considerable literature on the Santiago case, the experience of intermediate cities since the 1990s has provided evidence of a replication of this Santiago model of urban sprawl in wider Chilean urban development as a product of the persistence of instruments that date from the dictatorship period. This is relevant, since Santiago presents serious problems of access to services and segregation, which are accentuated as a result of dispersed urbanization. In intermediate cities, instead of promoting models of urban development that contrast with the primate city and its ills, there is inertia due to the dominant planning instruments that have led to a mirroring of that experience.The analysis presented here is drawn from the urban policy and planning instruments, and evidence of urban sprawl in intermediate cities: The conu...

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“…These low-density real estate operations end-up configuring an urban system disperse and fragmented in the urban periphery [9]. On the other hand, the trend revitalizing sectors on the consolidated urban area is mainly based on operations which promote vitality and mixture of use through improvements on public space and high-density real estate operations [1].…”

Section: Metropolitan Growth and Generation Of Agriculturalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 INTRODUCTION metropolitan areas correspond to complex urban systems which are constituted through a set of closely related urban cores, forming a single multi-functional unit [1]. Their administrative structure, composed of different municipal entities; its gravitational weight as a result of the endogenous demographic growth; and the territorial expansion due to internal forces, are factors of complexity that increasingly stress the urban-rural relation in them, and struggle for revisions of the urban development model in pursuit of its sustainability [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology to Identify and Assess Agroecological Practices in Metropolitan Areas. Case Study, Concepción, Chile

Delpino-Chamy¹,

Alarcón²,

Fernandez³

et al. 2019

Int. J. DNE

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Urban agriculture (Ua) is being constantly reviewed because of its significant contribution to urban and metropolitan sustainability (mS). Within the approaches associated with Ua, agroecology stands out as a practice that places value on collaborative social networks. Emerging from grassroots organizations that focus on ecological production and food sovereignty, agroecology strengthens short production-consumption chains, therefore increasing the resilience of metropolitan systems, which are under constant threat by natural hazards. The focus of this research is to develop and apply a methodology that identifies underlying agroecological practices, describing their location, state of development, and potential contribution to sustainability within metropolitan areas. a theoretical framework is developed to distinguish agroecological practices from commonly practiced Ua; subsequently a proposed methodology is developed to identify and assess these activities based on the following criteria: forms of production, sociopolitical organization, and mS. This methodological approach is used to analyze agroecological practices present in the metropolitan area of Concepción, Chile's second most important city, located over a territory with high presence of marshes, riverbeds, and wetlands. Conclusions identify as main strengths of agroecological practices their location on rururban interstices, together with their small scale of production; both aspects contribute to improving mS. Regarding weaknesses, the lack of appropriate planning policies and regulations threaten agroecological practices to disappear under the pressures exerted by contemporary urban development. finally, particular attention should be given to associative organizations, which have proven to enhance sustainable agroecological outcomes, by increasing employment generation, environmental preservation and local resilience.

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Estructura urbana y policentrismo en el Área Metropolitana de Concepción

Cited by 30 publications

References 14 publications

Sacrifice zones and the construction of urban energy landscapes in Concepción, Chile

Sacrifice zones and the construction of urban energy landscapes in Concepción, Chile

The Role of Planning Policies in Promoting Urban Sprawl in Intermediate Cities: Evidence from Chile

Methodology to Identify and Assess Agroecological Practices in Metropolitan Areas. Case Study, Concepción, Chile

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