Estudio Del Proceso De Nitrificación Y Desnitrificación Vía Nitrito Para El Tratamiento Biológico De Corrientes De Agua Residual Con Alta Carga De Nitrógeno Amoniacal

Excess of Nutrients in Prefabricated or Compact Wastewater Treatment Plants: Review, Solution Alternative, and Modeling for Verification

“…In general terms, the main components in wastewater are organic matter (OM), nutrients, microorganisms, and metals [15,21]. All these components can be present in dissolved or suspended form and can be assessed through the concentration of material in suspension or dissolved [11,13,24].…”

“…These microbiological reactions can occur under aerobic conditions (presence of dissolved oxygen, DO), anoxic conditions (absence of DO, presence of nitrates), or anaerobic conditions (absence of DO and nitrates) [41]. In the aerobic zone, microorganisms are kept in suspension in the water by aeration [13].…”

“…The primary option for individual systems is biological treatment, which involves the use of microorganisms to degrade organic matter [6][7][8][9][10]. A wide variety of microorganisms are responsible for carrying out the removal of BOD, the coagulation of colloidal solids, and the stabilization of organic matter [11][12][13]. Based on the literature, the concentration of total nitrogen (TN) varies between 35 to 100 mg/L, and total phosphorus (TP) varies between 18 to 29 mg/L for domestic wastewater [14].…”

“…Phosphates play a crucial role in the growth of algae and plankton [22], further exacerbating the situation. These are the primary factors contributing to eutrophication [23][24][25][26], with domestic and industrial wastewater being the primary sources [13]. The threshold levels for TN and TP to cause eutrophication vary within specific ranges [27].…”

Sustainable recovery of wastewater to be reused in cooling towers: Towards circular economy approach

“…Although wastewater from the juice industry is characterized by high organic loads (5,500 mg/L of COD and 2,500 mg/L of BOD) [12], the amount and type of pollutants in the wastewater varies according to the different processes in the mill. Less polluted wastewater, as the one coming from rinsing bottles, are usually mixed with more concentrated streams to be treated [13]. An efficient management of the water would imply the reuse/recycling of segregated streams within the process [9], according to the principle of water-fit-for-use.…”