Estudio transversal basado en la población sobre la aceptabilidad de la vacuna y la percepción de la gravedad de la gripe A/H1N1: opinión de la población general y de los profesionales sanitarios

Abstract

At the beginning of the vaccination campaign, the majority of population is unwilling to undergo immunization against the H1N1 influenza A virus. The proportion in general population is similar to that among the health professionals. However, when belonging to a high-risk group, there is a high proportion of undecided persons in general population.

Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of health professionals in relation to A/H1N1 influenza and its vaccine

“…According to our results, however, these are not the only factors that can affect the levels of vaccination: specifically, a lower rate of intention to vaccinate was detected among the health personnel who perceived the pandemic as a low-risk situation, in agreement with what has been observed in other studies11, (23, 35). When the data are broken down, we note that again it is the nurses who report the lowest rates of intention to be vaccinated.…”

“…This is in agreement with the results obtained with regards to this pandemic in the general population in our geographical area23, (38), but very different from the findings of a study carried out by Lau et al20, in a different cultural setting, Hong Kong, in which 73% of the respondents from the general population had no objections to being vaccinated.…”

“…A total of 2,226 questionnaires were sent of which just 115 were returned completed (5.2%). This overall percentage is lower than that achieved in other studies12, (15, 25, 26) and in other projects carried out in the same area by this research team23, though the rate of response from nursing staff was similar to that obtained by other researchers2, (3). The overall low rate of response may be due to the short window of time during which questionnaires were accepted, given the importance of it being completed before the vaccination campaign began.…”

“…In this context, it is essential to remember that any preventive measures, including vaccines, are ineffective without the collaboration of the population and health professionals20–(23). Adherence to recommendations of this sort is determined by perception of the level of danger5, and of the effectiveness of the measures21, (24).…”

Percepción de riesgo y prevención en un contexto de emergencia sanitaria: caso influenza A (H1N1), 2009

“…La evaluación de la percepción de riesgo sobre un evento se considera un elemento fundamental para explicar las acciones preventivas que puede tener un conjunto de individuos o comunidad, en este sentido hay evidencia empírica que sugiere que la percepción de un evento como amenazante permite la emisión de comportamientos consecuentes (Apiñaniz et al, 2010). La literatura científica sobre la cultura del riesgo, prevención y resiliencia, han sido prolíficas en cuanto a catástrofes y afectaciones hacia poblaciones diversas, así, se pueden encontrar publicaciones sobre desastres naturales, hidrometeorológicos o sanitarios y a partir de los mismos, se localizan de forma abundante normas oficiales sobre guías, planes, manuales y diversas estrategias para la prevención y protección contra desastres como el de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (2003), la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (2010), la Comunidad Europea Vigilancia epidemiológica en situaciones de desastre (OMS, 2002).…”