Estudios normativos españoles en población adulta joven (Proyecto NEURONORMA jóvenes): normas para las pruebas span verbal, span visuoespacial, Letter-Number Sequencing, Trail Making Test y Symbol Digit Modalities Test

Tamayó, Fernando García; Casals-Coll, M.; Sánchez‐Benavides, Gonzalo; Quintana, M.; Manero, R.M.; Rognoni, T.; Calvo, L.; Palomo, R.; Aranciva, F.; Peña-Casanova, Jordi

doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2011.12.020

Cited by 69 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Each cognitive domain included a minimum of two tests: (1) memory was assessed with the Verbal Learning Spanish–Complutense Test (TAVEC) [52] and Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) [53]–[55]; (2) working memory was tested with the Digit Span subtest (backward) [29], [56], [57] and Corsi's Block-Tapping test (backward) [56], [57]; (3) attention was evaluated with the Digit Span subtest (forward) [29], [56], [57], Corsi's Block-Tapping test (forward) [56], [57] and the Stroop test [58]–[60]; (4) executive functions were assessed with the FAS test and Animals [61]–[63] and the Matrix Reasoning subtest [29]; (5) visuoconstruction and visuoperception were tested with the Block Design subtest [29] and the copy of ROCF [53]–[55]; and (6) processing speed (seconds) was evaluated with the copy of ROCF and the Trail Making Test (parts A and B) [53]–[57]. In addition, the Vocabulary subtest was applied to obtain an IQ score [29].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Cognitive Reserve in Healthy Adults Using the Cognitive Reserve Scale

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The concept of cognitive reserve emerged from observed disparities between brain pathology and clinical symptoms. It may explain better neuropsychological performance in healthy individuals. The objectives of this study were to measure reserve in healthy subjects using a new Cognitive Reserve Scale (CRS), analyze the internal consistency of the CRS, and analyze validity evidence. A total of 117 healthy individuals were divided into two groups: 87 adults (aged 18–64 years) and 30 elderly adults (≥65 years). All subjects completed the CRS and a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. The internal consistency of the scale was satisfactory (α = 0.77). No significant differences were observed between genders (t = 0.51, p = 0.611), and age was corrected by averaging the CRS score. The study of validity evidence showed that education affected the CRS (t = −2.98, p = 0.004, partial h2 = 0.07) and there was no significant relationship between the CRS and IQ (r = 0.09, p = 0.33). Occupational attainment and the CRS were not related (F2,116 = 0.11, p = 0.898). In line with previous studies on reserve, heterogeneity was observed in the analyses of relationships between the CRS and cognitive performance. There were significant relationships between CRS score and the Verbal Learning Spanish–Complutense Test last trial (r = 0.24, p = 0.009), sum (r = 0.32, p = 0.000), short-term (r = 0.29, p = 0.002) and long-term memory (r = 0.22, p = 0.018), Matrix Reasoning subtest (r = 0.20, p = 0.027) and Block Design subtest (r = 0.20, p = 0.029). No other neuropsychological variables correlated with the CRS (p>0.05). The CRS is a reliable instrument that reflects the frequency of participation in brain-stimulating activities across the lifetime. The associations between the CRS and education and neuropsychological performance support validity evidence.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Cognitive Reserve in Healthy Adults Using the Cognitive Reserve Scale

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Currently, the TMT is one of the most widely used tests in Latin America (ArangoLasprilla et al, 2016) and Spain (Olabarrieta-Landa et al, 2016). Thus, there are norms for adult populations in Latin America (Arango-Lasprilla et al, 2015;Méndez-Ramírez et al, 2015) and Spain (Peña-Casanova et al, 2009;Tamayo et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trail Making Test: Normative data for the Latin American Spanish-speaking pediatric population

Arango-Lasprilla

Rivera

Ramos-Usuga

et al. 2017

NRE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. OBJECTIVE:To generate normative data for the Trail Making Test (TMT) in Spanish-speaking pediatric populations. METHOD: The sample consisted of 3,337 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the TMT as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. The TMT-A and TMT-B scores were normed using multiple linear regressions and standard deviations of residual values. Age, age 2 , sex, and mean level of parental education (MLPE) were included as predictors in the analyses. RESULTS:The final multiple linear regression models showed main effects for age on both scores, such that as children needed less time to complete the test while they become older. TMT-A scores were affected by age 2 for all countries except, Cuba, Guatemala, and Puerto. TMT-B scores were affected by age 2 for all countries except, Guatemala and Puerto Rico. Models indicated that children whose parent(s) had a MLPE >12 years of education needed less time to complete the test compared to children whose parent(s) had a MLPE ≤12 years for Mexico and Paraguay in TMT-A scores; and Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, and Spain for TMT-B scores. Sex affected TMT-A scores for Chile, Cuba, Mexico, and Peru, in that boys needed less time to complete the test than girls. Sex did not affect TMT-B scores. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest Spanish-speaking pediatric normative study in the world, and it will allow neuropsychologists from these countries to have a more accurate approach to interpret the TMT in pediatric populations.

show abstract

“…The rest of the neuropsychological tasks were categorized into three cognitive domains: memory, working memory and attention. The memory tasks were divided into verbal material: TAVEC (trials 1-5, short-term and long-term memory, and recognition) (Benedet & Alejandre, 1998); and non-verbal material: Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF; short-term and long-term memory) (Rey, 2009); the Digit Span subtest (backward) (Wechsler, 2004) and Corsi's Block-Tapping test (backward) (Tamayo et al, 2012) were used to estimate working memory. In relation to attention, the Digit Span subtest (forward) (Wechsler, 2004), Corsi's Block-Tapping (forward) and the Stroop test (Golden, 2010) were administered.…”

Section: Neuropsychological Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escala de Reserva Cognitiva y envejecimiento

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Title: Cognitive Reserve Scale and ageing. Abstract: The construct of cognitive reserve attempts to explain why some individuals with brain impairment, and some people during normal ageing, can solve cognitive tasks better than expected. This study aimed to estimate cognitive reserve in a healthy sample of people aged 65 years and over, with special attention to its influence on cognitive performance. For this purpose, it used the Cognitive Reserve Scale (CRS) and a neuropsychological battery that included tests of attention and memory. The results revealed that women obtained higher total CRS raw scores than men. Moreover, the CRS predicted the learning curve, short-term and long-term memory, but not attentional and working memory performance. Thus, the CRS offers a new proxy of cognitive reserve based on cognitively stimulating activities performed by healthy elderly people. Following an active lifestyle throughout life was associated with better intellectual performance and positive effects on relevant aspects of quality of life. Key words: Activities; quality of life; lifestyle; elderly; measurement; neuropsychology; cognitive reserve.Resumen: El constructo de reserva cognitiva intenta explicar por qué algunos sujetos con patología cerebral o durante el proceso de envejecimiento normal pueden ejecutar tareas cognitivas a un nivel superior al esperado. Los objetivos del presente estudio abarcan la estimación de reserva cognitiva en sujetos sanos a partir de los 65 años y su repercusión a nivel cognitivo. Para ello, se empleó la Escala de Reserva Cognitiva (ERC) y una batería neuropsicológica que englobaba tareas mnésicas y atencionales. Los resultados revelaron que las mujeres obtuvieron mayor puntuación directa en la ERC. Además, la ERC predijo la ejecución en tareas de memoria (curva de aprendizaje y recuerdos a corto plazo y a largo plazo), pero no predijo las puntuaciones en memoria de trabajo ni en atención. Así, la ERC ofreció una estimación de reserva cognitiva, basada en el estilo de vida, en sujetos sanos mayores. Mantener un estilo de vida activo a lo largo de los años favorece la ejecución intelectual y repercute positivamente en facetas relevantes para la calidad de vida.

show abstract

Estudios normativos españoles en población adulta joven (Proyecto NEURONORMA jóvenes): normas para las pruebas span verbal, span visuoespacial, Letter-Number Sequencing, Trail Making Test y Symbol Digit Modalities Test

Abstract: The data obtained will be useful in the clinical evaluation of young Spanish adults.

Cited by 69 publications

References 37 publications

Estimating Cognitive Reserve in Healthy Adults Using the Cognitive Reserve Scale

Estimating Cognitive Reserve in Healthy Adults Using the Cognitive Reserve Scale

Trail Making Test: Normative data for the Latin American Spanish-speaking pediatric population

Escala de Reserva Cognitiva y envejecimiento

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About