IntroductionPostoperative anastomotic leak and stricture are dramatic events that cause
increased morbidity and mortality, for this reason it's important to evaluate
which is the best way to perform the anastomosis.AimTo compare the techniques of manual (hand-sewn) and mechanic (stapler)
esophagogastric anastomosis after resection of malignant neoplasm of esophagus, as
the occurrence of anastomotic leak, anastomotic stricture, blood loss, cardiac and
pulmonary complications, mortality and surgical time.MethodsA systematic review of randomized clinical trials, which included studies from
four databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane and Lilacs) using the combination of
descriptors (anastomosis, surgical) and (esophagectomy) was performed.ResultsThirteen randomized trials were included, totaling 1778 patients, 889 in the
hand-sewn group and 889 in the stapler group. The stapler reduced bleeding (p
<0.03) and operating time (p<0.00001) when compared to hand-sewn after
esophageal resection. However, stapler increased the risk of anastomotic stricture
(NNH=33), pulmonary complications (NNH=12) and mortality (NNH=33). There was no
significant difference in relation to anastomotic leak (p=0.76) and cardiac
complications (p=0.96).ConclusionAfter resection of esophageal cancer, the use of stapler shown to reduce blood
loss and surgical time, but increased the incidence of anastomotic stricture,
pulmonary complications and mortality.