Estudo da demanda energética e desagregação do solo em diferentes sequências operacionais de preparo periódico

Salvador, Nilson; Mion, Renildo Luiz; Benez, Sérgio Hugo; Viliotti, Carlos Alberto

doi:10.1590/s1806-66902010000200009

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…According to Peloia and Milan (2010) and Salvador et al (2010), it is of fundamental importance under the conditions of intensive cultural practices and of farms occupying large areas to program operations with machines in the field in a rational manner for the efficient use of agricultural machinery and hand labor . Castro Neto (2001) observed that if a long series of meteorological data is available, it is important to conduct climatological studies by calculating the water balance in the soil and classifying the days as fit or unfit for various mechanized activities, types of soil and agricultural activities of interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The probability of potentially useful work days during the year in Londrina

et al. 2012

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The probabilities associated with the number of days suitable for working outdoors and for working with machinery in the field were estimated for the municipality of Londrina, state of Parana, Brazil. Days with less than 10 mm of precipitation were considered suitable for outdoor operations. The number of days per month and the number of ten-day periods satisfying this condition were modeled with a negative binomial distribution, and the probabilities were estimated at different levels. The days suitable for working with machinery in the field were specified as those days for which the values of water storage in the soil were at or below 90% of the available water capacity in the upper 30 cm of the soil and for which the precipitation was less than 5 mm. A first-order Markov chain was used to estimate the conditional probabilities of favorable days for working with machinery in the field. The results indicated that the best time to work outdoors in Londrina extends from April through September, with the most favorable period occurring between late July and early September. The highest probabilities of favorable days for working in the field occur during April and from June through August. The probabilities of two consecutive days favorable for working with machinery in the field are highest between June and August. These probabilities allow the determination of the needs for the performance of tasks involving mechanized equipment. Key words: Negative binomial distribution, Markov Chain, conditional probability, outside works, agriculture trafficability ResumoForam estimadas as probabilidades de dias úteis de trabalho em locais descobertos e a trafegabilidade de maquinários no campo, para o município de Londrina-PR. Dias com precipitação igual ou superior a 10 mm foram considerados inadequados para operações a céu descoberto. O número de dias mensais e decendiais que satisfazem essa condição foram ajustados à distribuição binomial negativa e foram estimadas as probabilidades em diferentes níveis. Os dias favoráveis ao trabalho com máquinas no campo foram estabelecidos como aqueles em que os valores de armazenamento de água no solo eram iguais ou inferiores a 90% da capacidade de água disponível na camada superficial de 30 cm do solo e a menor que 5 mm. O método da cadeia de Markov de primeira ordem foi utilizado para estimar as 1 Agronomist, Doctor Student in Agronomy, Graduate studies

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The probability of potentially useful work days during the year in Londrina

et al. 2012

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“…The treatments which promoted the highest mean MWD values (0.91-0.95 mm) were only those with furrowing or subsoiling when compared to the other six treatments which used attachments promoting greater revolving (rotative hoe, disk harrow, leveling harrow, or moldboard plow). On the other hand, Salvador et al (2010) compared, in a dystrophic Red Nitosol with 510 g kg -1 clay, tilling with disk plow, disk plow + disk harrow, heavy harrow, heavy harrow + disk harrow, and scarifier; the authors concluded that the mean weight diameter was not statistically different, ranging from 5.26 to 8.51 mm. Pagliai et al (2004) reported that aggregates were less stable in plowed soils, resulting in a stronger tendency to form crusts than in soils treated with minimum tillage or subsoiling.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tillage systems on physical properties of a cohesive yellow argisol in the northern state of Espírito Santo, Brazil

Zuffo¹,

Pires

Bonomo³

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYTillage systems are a key element of the technology of crop production, both with a view to crop yield and from the perspective of soil conservation and sustainability of the production system. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effects of five tillage systems on the physical properties of a cohesive Yellow Argisol. The experiment was installed in the field on January 21, 2011 and lasted 260 days, in an area previously used as pasture with Brachiaria grass without liming or fertilization, but irrigated by a low pressure spray system. The treatments, in five replications and in a randomized block design, consisted of: 1) disk plow (twice) + disk harrow + ridge-furrow tillage (raising a ridge along the planting row), 135 days after transplanting (DP + RID); 2) disk plow (twice) + disk harrow (DP no RID); 3) subsoiler (SB); 4) disk plow (twice) + disk harrow + scarification with three shanks along the plant row (DP + SPR); and 5) disk plow (twice) + disk harrow + scarification with three shanks in the total area (DP + STA). In all tillage systems, furrows were mechanically opened for the papaya plants. After the treatments, the mechanical resistance to penetration was determined, followed by soil moisture, mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD), bulk density (BD), macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi), and number of fruits per plant. There were differences in penetration resistance (PR) between treatments. The subsoiler was more effective to decrease RP to a distance of 0.35 m from the plants, perpendicular to the plant row. The scarifier resulted in a lower PR than DP or SB, even at the depth of 0.40 m, and it was more effective at greater distances perpendicular to the plant. All tillage systems induced a PR between 2.0 and 3.0 MPa at the depth with the highest concentration of papaya tree roots (0- RESUMO: EFEITOS DE PREPAROS DO SOLO NOS ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS DE UM ARGISSOLO AMARELO COESO NO NORTE DO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO linha, confeccionado 135 dias após o transplantio (GA com CAM); grade aradora (duas vezes) + niveladora (GA sem CAM); subsolador florestal (SF); grade aradora (duas vezes) + niveladora + escarificação com três hastes sobre a linha de plantio (GA + ELP); e grade aradora (duas vezes) + niveladora + escarificação com três hastes em área total (GA + EAT). Todos os preparos receberam sulcamento mecanizado, visando ao plantio do mamoeiro. Após a implantação dos tratamentos, foi determinada a resistência mecânica à penetração (RP)

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“…According to SALVADOR et al (2010), to select the periodic tillage systems properly, we must take into account the energy demand and soil characteristics, such as texture and moisture. Greater knowledge and domains of these technologies may lead to reduced costs of crop production (KICHLER et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modalities for soil preparation and gypsum application in ultisol: stem productivity of sugarcane

et al. 2013

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ABSTRACT:The study was conducted in an area of expansion of sugarcane at Vale do Paraná factory in Suzanápolis city -São Paulo (SP), in Brazil, in the northwestern region of the State of São Paulo. It was used the sugarcane variety RB92-5345, 1.5m of spacing between rows, in an Ultisol. The study aimed to evaluate the productivity of sugarcane and first ratoon and some soil chemical attributes in function of soil tillage and application or not of gypsum. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six treatments, in a factorial 3x2 and six replicates, the main treatments were soil tillage with three equipments, moldboard plow, chisel plow, and heavy harrow, and two secondary treatments with application of 1 t ha -1 of gypsum and no gypsum. After each harvest of cane, the soil was characterized as to its fertility indicators in layers of 0.0-0.15; 0.15-0.30 and 0.30-0.45m. Differences in values of soil chemical attributes due to the methods of preparation occurred in the sugarcane did not last until the harvest of the 1st ratoon cane, and also did not influence the crop productivity. The gypsum application resulted in higher values of total recoverable sugar (TRS) and the productivity of tons of stems per hectare (TSH) to sugarcane and 1st ratoon cane, respectively, confirming the initial hypothesis.KEYWORDS: chemical attributes, mechanization, gypsum application, Saccharum spp. MÉTODOS DE PREPARO DO SOLO E APLICAÇÃO DE GESSO EM ARGISSOLO VERMELHO: PRODUTIVIDADE DE COLMOS DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCARRESUMO: O trabalho foi conduzido em área de expansão de cana-de-açúcar da Usina Vale do Paraná, no município de Suzanápolis -SP, na região do noroeste paulista. Foi utilizada a variedade de cana RB92-5345, espaçamento de 1,5 m entre linhas, em ARGISSOLO VERMELHO. O trabalho objetivou avaliar a produtividade em cana-planta e 1ª cana-soca e alguns atributos químicos de solo, em função dos métodos de preparo do solo e aplicação ou não de gesso. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos, fatorial 3x2, e seis repetições. Os tratamentos principais foram preparos de solo com três equipamentos: arado de aivecas, escarificador e grade pesada, e dois tratamentos secundários com aplicação de 1 t ha -1 de gesso e sem gesso. Após cada colheita da cana, o solo foi caracterizado quanto aos indicadores de fertilidade nas camadas de 0,0-0,15; 0,15-0,30 e 0,30-0,45 m. As diferenças dos atributos químicos do solo, devido aos métodos de preparo ocorridas na cana-planta, não perduraram até a colheita da 1ª cana-soca e também não influenciaram na produtividade da cultura. A gessagem proporcionou maiores valores de ATR e produtividade de TCH, para cana-planta e 1ª cana-soca, respectivamente, confirmando a hipótese inicial. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: atributos químicos, mecanização, gessagem, Saccharum spp.Modalities for soil preparation and gypsum application in ultisol: stem productivity of sugarcane Eng.

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Estudo da demanda energética e desagregação do solo em diferentes sequências operacionais de preparo periódico

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

The probability of potentially useful work days during the year in Londrina

The probability of potentially useful work days during the year in Londrina

Effects of tillage systems on physical properties of a cohesive yellow argisol in the northern state of Espírito Santo, Brazil

Modalities for soil preparation and gypsum application in ultisol: stem productivity of sugarcane

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